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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What group of students did Steele penned often feels inferior?

2. What is Steele's view of how whites generally respond to positive opportunities?

3. Social policies, said Steele, should be geared toward what?

4. As per Steele's thoughts, what type of work ethic is generally indicative of someone in the middle class?

5. In Chapter 8, how did Steele say blacks 'use' their race?

Short Essay Questions

1. What did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. encourage black students to do? How did it affect the black students at Steele's school?

2. Chapter 8 says that blacks use their race in what way?

3. What does Steele think encouraged blacks to start the black movement?

4. How did Steele say the status change of poor blacks affected the status of middle class blacks?

5. How did Steele say whites use 'escapism'?

6. In Steele's mind, what would moving away from racial preference do to the black community with regard to power?

7. How did Steele mention affirmative action can be viewed as a barrier to black progress?

8. What are the middle class values that Steele mentioned in Chapter 6?

9. As per Steele's viewpoint, how did affirmative action affect blacks and whites differently?

10. How does emotional vulnerability affect blacks, in Steele's opinion?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What did Steele say about enemy-memory? What is it? How does a defensive attitude result from it? How does it affect the progress of those who practice it?

Essay Topic 2

Steele said that integration shock produces a new form of segregation that takes three forms. What are those three forms? Define each form. What did Steele say eradicating these forms of segregation would lead to for blacks?

Essay Topic 3

How did Steele define race-fatigue? How did race-fatigue affect Steele and many other blacks? How can race-fatigue be seen as negative by some blacks? How can race-fatigue lead to individuality?

(see the answer keys)

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