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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the university setting, who did Steele verbalize would not tell blacks what they think of their scholarships and not expect them to perform?
(a) Peers.
(b) Administrators ONLY.
(c) Educators and administrators.
(d) Educators ONLY.

2. Not demanding blacks to perform in a university setting is a type of what, as per Steele?
(a) Paternalism.
(b) Fundamentalism.
(c) Maternalism.
(d) Fraternalism.

3. To what did Steele say affirmative action has transformed equality?
(a) A form of religious engineering.
(b) A form of psychological engineering.
(c) A form of social engineering.
(d) A form of political engineering.

4. What did Steele say that many say is the purpose of affirmative action?
(a) Keep discrimination at its current state.
(b) Fight against subtle discrimination.
(c) Increase discrimination.
(d) Prove there never was the issue of discrimination.

5. What legislation passed when the black power movement began?
(a) Residence Act.
(b) Civil Rights Act.
(c) National Banking Act.
(d) Housing and Urban Development Act.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Steele say he noticed on his college campus with regard to ethnic conflict?

2. What did Steele say Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. encouraged blacks to do?

3. What dilemma did Steele face with affirmative action?

4. How did Steele define black racial identity throughout the 60's?

5. Of the following, what is a factor of white guilt, per Steele's way of thinking?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does emotional vulnerability affect blacks, in Steele's opinion?

2. Growing up in the middle class, was Steele viewed differently from the way middle class were generally viewed? What term was given to the middle class?

3. What did Steele say are the two factors that make up white guilt?

4. What is one association that Steele said blacks need to avoid?

5. How did Steele say the status change of poor blacks affected the status of middle class blacks?

6. As per Steele's viewpoint, how did affirmative action affect blacks and whites differently?

7. How did Steele describe enemy-memory and how did he say it affects oppression?

8. How does Steele believe affirmative action relates to racism?

9. What did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. encourage black students to do? How did it affect the black students at Steele's school?

10. In what way did Steele say white guilt could be an effective means of rectifying racial issues?

(see the answer keys)

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