1. The Polyvagal Theory involves the existence of how many different levels of response within the control of the autonomic nervous system?
(a) 5.
(b) 3.
(c) 8.
(d) 2.

2. How much of her childhood did Marilyn remember when she first began to see Van der Kolk?
(a) Half of it.
(b) All of it.
(c) Very little.
(d) Nothing before age 6.

3. What kind of expression did Marilyn draw on all of the people in her family portrait?
(a) Happy.
(b) Blank.
(c) Angry.
(d) Sad.

4. At what university did Steve Porges work as a researcher when he developed the Polyvagal Theory?
(a) The University of Maryland.
(b) The University of Massachusetts.
(c) The University of Delaware.
(d) The University of Minnesota.

5. Noam, his father, and which other member of his family fled together from the wreckage of the World Trade Center?
(a) Noam's older sister.
(b) Noam's cousin.
(c) Noam's mother.
(d) Noam's older brother.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many different routes does Van der Kolk provide for "befriending the emotional brain" (205) in Chapter 13, "Healing From Trauma: Owning Your Self"?

2. What type of abuse most often results in total memory loss?

3. What are the only people in Noam's drawing doing within his picture of the scene of 9/11?

4. What object is moved back and forth during a session of EMDR?

5. What sole activity did Van der Kolk do with Annie during her first visit?

(see the answer key)

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