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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How long does the Anonymous writer claim Brendan and his party traveled before they ran out of food after they left the destination to which they traveled after the 40 days of fasting?

2. Who does the anonymous writer record God sent to be the guide of Brendan's traveling party after they landed on the island?

3. What does the anonymous author report appeared before the traveling party after it had finished singing on its way back to its boat?

4. On what date does the anonymous author report Ceolfrith boarded a ship to cross the sea to Gaul?

5. Who met Brendan and his son during their journey?

Short Essay Questions

1. Who does Bede note that Benedict chose as abbot for the new monastery he built at Jarrow?

2. Why did Bede claim that Benedict passed on the land that King Oswiu awarded him as a thane of Oswiu's kingdom?

3. How did the abbot at Wearmouth die while Benedict was on a pilgrimage to Rome according to Bede?

4. Who provided the land for which a church and monastery could be built by Ceolfrith and Benedict according to the anonymous writer?

5. When Benedict and Sigrith were confined to their beds due to illness, what responsibility does the anonymous writer report Benedict passed to Ceolfrith?

6. How far does the anonymous writer claim Ceolfrith got on his last pilgrimage to Rome?

7. What manual trade does Bede report Benedict brought to England during construction of the monastery at the north bank at the mouth of the Wear River?

8. What was the first trip that Brendan and his 14 monks took after a series of thee-day fasts over 40 days according to the anonymous writer?

9. How did a hermit named Paul claim he received his food while he was on a journey to his final resting place, according to the anonymous writer?

10. For what does the anonymous writer claim that Brendan was renowned?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Wilfrid gained acclaim with his debate on the "Easter Question" with Bishop Colman. His presentation, which was Rome's view on when Easter should be celebrated, also preceded the opposition that came against his various offices through his career. Using observations made in D.H. Farmer's introduction and information from "The Life of Wilfrid," identify why Wilfrid's position might have motivated opposition to his leadership throughout England and explain the long-term consequences to the observation Christian holidays, especially Easter.

Essay Topic 2

In his travels Ceolfrith dealt with several kings on the British Isles and in Europe. Choose two of these kings and detail the type of relationship Ceolfrith had with them. How did Ceolfrith's relationships with these kings benefit or hinder his ministry with the abbeys of Wearmouth and Jarrow.

Essay Topic 3

Ceolfrith, Eosterwin, Sigfrith, and Hwaetbehrt all made different contributions to the Abbeys at Wearmouth and Jarrow. Choose two of the abbots and detail a contribution each made to the abbey and how the separate contributions worked together to strengthen the mission of the abbeys.

(see the answer keys)

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