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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What happened to Curio's friend after Antony's election as augur?

2. In the first section of A Practical Code of Behavior, whom does Cicero praise?

3. Cicero states that men shouldn't covet __________.

4. What definition does Cicero give of a sharp practice?

5. What does Cicero say never advances the interests of an individual?

Short Essay Questions

1. What do the Stoics and the Peripatetics think of the right and the advantage?

2. To some in section eight of A Practical Code of Behavior, how is it possible to excuse wrongdoing?

3. According to Cicero in section five of A Practical Code of Behavior, what should the invisible man do?

4. What is the second type of goodness for the Stoics?

5. What do the two sides presented in the sixth section of A Practical Code of Behavior argue about?

6. What are Antonius' arguments against Cicero, according to Cicero?

7. What does Cicero think a man's aim should always be?

8. What would not be blame worthy in the fourth section of A Practical Code of Behavior?

9. What does Cicero say about Antonius' character?

10. In Attack on an Enemy of Freedom, what excuse does Antonius use to justify his attack on Cicero?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Cicero examines the fallacy of pleasure and maintains that receiving pleasure involves wrongdoing. Cicero maintains that getting pleasure can never be to one's advantage if it is still wrong. Analyze his main argument of the book, that nothing against the right can benefit someone. Students may use the text and secondary sources to support your discussion.

Essay Topic 2

Chapter 1, Attack on Misgovernment, is a series of judicial orations given by Cicero against Verres, a corrupt governor of Sicily. The defense's strategy emphasized delaying the trial for as long as possible. Discuss the defense's strategy and how Cicero thwarts the strategy. Use examples from the text to support your discussion.

Essay Topic 3

Cato consoles the elderly for losing strength in old age. Cato admits that he lost strength, but he has retained some. He emphasizes how one should continue to engage in activities in order to gather strength. Analyze how one might gather strength from another and give examples to support your arguments.

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