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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Cicero say never advances the interests of an individual?

2. What level does the duty of becoming wiser and better occupy, according to Cicero's arguments?

3. According to Cicero in Attack on an Enemy of Freedom, The Second Philippic against Antony, what did Rome's enemies have in common?

4. Who was Hannibal's father?

5. Who would have prevented Antony from going to Cicero's home, according to Cicero?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Cicero argue about wrong in the third section of A Practical Code of Behavior?

2. Whose murder does Antonius accuse Cicero of committing?

3. According to Cicero in section five of A Practical Code of Behavior, what should the invisible man do?

4. What does Cicero say about Antonius' character?

5. According to Cicero, how was his consulship compared to Antonius'?

6. According to Cicero, what do goodness and rightness have in common, and who can see it?

7. In Attack on an Enemy of Freedom, what excuse does Antonius use to justify his attack on Cicero?

8. Who was left in charge of Rome during Caesar's absence, and how did that person fair?

9. At the end of Attack on an Enemy of Freedom, what does Cicero say he wants for himself and Rome?

10. What do the Stoics and the Peripatetics think of the right and the advantage?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Cicero discusses the Stoic ideal and how important it is to live consistently with nature and moral rightness by doing what nature demands. Analyze what nature demands and how doing right always brings about good. Provide examples from the book to support your discussion.

Essay Topic 2

Cicero opposes and criticizes Marcus Antonius who shared his power with Octavian. Six months after Caesar's assassination, Cicero addresses the political instability that resulted. Analyze Cicero's discussion of political instability that resulted from Caesar's rule. Use examples to support your discussion.

Essay Topic 3

Chapter 1, Attack on Misgovernment, is a series of judicial orations given by Cicero against Verres, a corrupt governor of Sicily. The defense's strategy emphasized delaying the trial for as long as possible. Discuss the defense's strategy and how Cicero thwarts the strategy. Use examples from the text to support your discussion.

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