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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How much money did Verres embezzled?

2. What does Cicero promise to the Roman people?

3. To whom did Cicero send the final letter in Cicero's Life and Letters?

4. What happened to Roman citizens under Verres' rule in Sicily?

5. What danger does Cicero foresee despite preparing his case against Verres so well?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why didn't Verres' plan to bribe the judge succeed?

2. According to Cicero in his second argument, what is the relationship like between Cicero and Verres prior to the trial?

3. How does Cicero's opinion of Brutus change between the sixteenth and twenty-first letter?

4. What did Cicero tell Pompey in the first letter of Cicero's Life and Letters, Selection from his Correspondence?

5. What does Cicero tell Caesar in the twelfth letter?

6. What did Cicero learn from trustworthy sources concerning his candidacy to aedile, according to his eighth argument?

7. According to Cicero, what does Verres not use to oppose him?

8. What does Cicero complain about in the fourth letter?

9. What does the ninth argument tell us about Cicero's opinion of Marcus Metellus?

10. To whom did Cicero send the last letter of Cicero's Life and Letters, Selection from his Correspondence and why?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

A Practical Code of Behavior discusses how moral right proceeds practice and examines how philosophy is both fruitful and rewarding. Examine the practical code with respect to moral obligation. Why can't the right conflict? Provide examples from the book to support your discussion.

Essay Topic 2

Antonius ends Chapter 2 with an exhortation to Antonius to make peace with his country. Examine Antonius' actions and determine how he cannot be trusted based on Cicero's examination of his character. Use examples from the text to support your statements.

Essay Topic 3

In the fourth letter, written to Atticus, Cicero examines the treachery of Roman leadership. He wanted to become part of an alliance, but he resisted because he hated to participate in "deification." Analyze the treachery of Roman leadership and how some leaders, such as Caesar and Pompey, were deified. Provide support from the text to support your statements.

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