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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many speeches did Cicero give after returning to the senate from his exile before Pro Marcello?

2. According to some interpretations, how was Cicero trying to cause the return of republican liberties with his Pro Marcello speech?

3. Which word did Cicero use to describe Catiline's army in comparison to the Roman army?

4. When was the Fourth Catilinam given?

5. What inconsistency did Cicero point out about Caesar's position?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the theory about Caesar's position at the senate debate and his political ambitions?

2. How did Catiline respond to In Catilinam I?

3. What did Catiline do as he was leaving the senate in Chapter 5, and what was Cicero's response?

4. How did Cicero describe his exile in Chapter 8?

5. Which one of Caesar's statements troubled Cicero in Chapter 8?

6. What removed any doubt of Catiline's guilt, and how did Cicero collect evidence against him?

7. Why did Cicero refuse to accept a reward for saving Rome from Catiline?

8. What did Cicero say about the senate's decision at the end of In Catilinam IV?

9. When and where did Cicero give In Catilinam III?

10. Which of Catiline's followers did Cicero think were not a serious threat, and which other group of followers did he think should be killed?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe in detail the events that led to the election of Pompey and three possible reasons why Cicero might have endorsed him. Be sure to include whether or not you think Cicero's endorsement was a defining factor in Pompey's election and gaining the support of the Roman people, as well as how Cicero handled the objections to Pompey's election in his speech.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast Catiline's attack on Cicero after hearing In Catilinam I with Antonius' attack on Cicero after he refused to participate in the senate meeting. In your analysis, include the similarities and differences between Catiline and Antonius and a comparison of the way Cicero dealt with each of them.

Essay Topic 3

Discuss the three theories about why Cicero gave Pro Marcello and his possible political and/or personal motivations for writing the speech. Which theory do you think is the most logical? Why?

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