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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which two things did Cicero say the Roman people were eager for in Chapter 3?

2. Following his summaries of smaller points, what did Cicero say was enough to convict Verres?

3. In Cicero's opinion, what made further conflict inevitable for the Roman people in Chapter 3?

4. After refusing to behead a pirate captain, what did Verres do, according to Cicero?

5. How many steps did Cicero suggest the people of Rome should consider when deciding who would lead the Roman military in Chapter 3?

Short Essay Questions

1. What did Cicero tell the senate, Catiline, and the traitors at the end of In Catilinam I?

2. In the beginning of In Verrem I, what was the first reason that Cicero gave to the jurors to convict Verres?

3. Why was the senate losing patience with Catiline, and what outraged Cicero at the beginning of In Catilinam I?

4. How did Cicero describe Verres in In Verrem I?

5. How was the building of a trireme in Messana misreported by Verres?

6. What are some of the reasons why Cicero gave a speech endorsing Pompey?

7. As Cicero explained in his speech, what was at stake in the war against Mithridates?

8. Why did Cicero think that Pompey had military knowledge and ability?

9. What was Cicero's assessment of the war with Mithridates in his speech for Pompey?

10. Which other pieces of evidence against Verres did Cicero include in Chapter 1?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Cicero was exiled for years before being exonerated and returning to the senate to give Pro Marcello.

1) Describe how Caesar changed the republic while Cicero was exiled and Cicero's reaction to the changes when he returned.

2) Explain some of the possible reasons why you think Caesar would have exonerated Cicero and Marcellus.

3) Analyze Cicero's exile, using his own words and descriptions as a reference.

Essay Topic 2

Explain how Cicero stopped Catiline's conspiracy plot and the evidence he presented to the senate. Also, include an analysis of the senate's reaction to Cicero's evidence, the public's reaction to In Catilinam III, and Cicero's refusal to accept the full credit for saving Rome.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast the similarities and differences between a judicial and deliberative speech. Using Cicero's political speeches as a reference, include examples of each type.

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