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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following best describes Pompey's military successes at the time Cicero gave his speech?

2. How many speeches were written in total against Verres?

3. Which one of the following was assumed to be elected to the consulship and help Verres?

4. According to Cicero's opening of his first speech against Verres, who despised the jurors?

5. Would the proposal for Pompey to command the Roman forces against Mithridates have gone through without Cicero's speech?

Short Essay Questions

1. What position did Cicero have when he gave the speeches against Verres, and what situation caused him to write them?

2. How did Cicero attack Hortensius at the end of In Verrum I?

3. Who opposed the election of Pompey, and how did Cicero address their concerns in his speech?

4. How did Cicero describe Verres in In Verrem I?

5. What did Verres do with a captured pirate captain that angered the people of Sicily?

6. What was Cicero's assessment of the war with Mithridates in his speech for Pompey?

7. What advice did Cicero have for Hortensius in his second speech against Verres?

8. How was the building of a trireme in Messana misreported by Verres?

9. How did Cicero describe the corrupt trials that Verres ran in Sicily?

10. Which other countries did Cicero say had witnessed Pompey's skills, and why did he think that Pompey had authority?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Upon the capture of Catiline's co-conspirators, the senate met to decide how to proceed with their sentencing.

1) Analyze Silanus' position and the significance of the support he had from other members of the senate.

2) Describe Caesar's suggestion and the possible political reasons he had for making it.

3) Debate both sides of the senate's discussion, the option of executing the co-conspirators vs. lifetime imprisonment.

Essay Topic 2

Explain how Cicero stopped Catiline's conspiracy plot and the evidence he presented to the senate. Also, include an analysis of the senate's reaction to Cicero's evidence, the public's reaction to In Catilinam III, and Cicero's refusal to accept the full credit for saving Rome.

Essay Topic 3

Describe in detail the three major accusations that Antonius made against Cicero and how Cicero disproved each of them in Phillipic II. Also, provide examples of how Cicero showed Antonius' corruption in his defense. Why was Phillipic II released to the Romans in written form instead of being given as a speech?

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