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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Cicero categorize the war's outcome in his speech for Pompey in Chapter 3?

2. What did Cicero accuse Verres of doing with the witnesses of the corrupt trials he ran?

3. How did Verres make it appear as though he built a trireme?

4. What did Cicero say about the contract to bribe the jurors in his first speech against Verres?

5. What office did Cicero have when he made the speech for Pompey in Chapter 3?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Cicero attack Hortensius at the end of In Verrum I?

2. As Cicero explained in his speech, what was at stake in the war against Mithridates?

3. How did Cicero describe Verres in In Verrem I?

4. What position did Cicero have when he gave the speeches against Verres, and what situation caused him to write them?

5. How was the building of a trireme in Messana misreported by Verres?

6. What was Cicero's assessment of the war with Mithridates in his speech for Pompey?

7. Who opposed the election of Pompey, and how did Cicero address their concerns in his speech?

8. What did Cicero tell the senate, Catiline, and the traitors at the end of In Catilinam I?

9. What advice did Cicero have for Hortensius in his second speech against Verres?

10. Which other countries did Cicero say had witnessed Pompey's skills, and why did he think that Pompey had authority?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In Catilinam I was given after Cicero discovered a conspiracy to overtake Rome.

1) Describe three events that inspired Cicero to write and give In Catilinam I.

2) Explain Cicero's strategy for defeating Catiline as it was mentioned in his first speech against him.

3) Analyze why Catiline was not executed before In Catilinam I, Cicero's opinions about the issue, and how he responded to the criticism surrounding it.

Essay Topic 2

Describe the six different groups of followers that Catiline had that Cicero spoke about in his speech, In Catilinam II. Which groups posed the biggest threat to Rome? Which groups were the least dangerous? Why?

Essay Topic 3

Hortensius was a well known lawyer during Cicero's time, and the two were rivals on more than one occasion.

1) Describe Hortensius' background, his reputation, and what he was known for.

2) Explain at least two different circumstances in which Cicero and Hortensius were political opponents.

3) Analyze Cicero's advice to Hortensius at the end of In Verrem II.5 and what Cicero was trying to accomplish by addressing Hortensius directly.

(see the answer keys)

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