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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. "The Killing Fields" depicts which of the following?
(a) The mass deaths during the Spanish Civil War.
(b) The atrocities committed by the Khmer Rouge.
(c) The casualties of Bunker Hill.
(d) The dead and dying of the Korean War.

2. According to Sontag, _________ also influences the public's perception of war.
(a) Education.
(b) Hollywood.
(c) Anti-war sentiment.
(d) Government policies.

3. Which technological advancement changed the way war was photographed after World War I?
(a) Weaponry.
(b) Lighting equipment.
(c) Transportation.
(d) Lightweight cameras.

4. The footage from a 1898 charge of Colonel Roosevelt's volunteer cavalry, the Rough Riders, was replaced with film of a staged charge later for which of the following reasons?
(a) The photographer lost the film reel.
(b) The footage of the actual event was not dramatic enough.
(c) Colonel Roosevelt was unsatisfied with the footage.
(d) The lighting on the day of the event was insufficient.

5. U.S. bombing of Afghanistan was conducted remotely from which of the following locations?
(a) Quantico, Virginia.
(b) Tampa, Florida
(c) The Pentagon.
(d) Washington, D.C.

6. Recalling traditions of the 16th and 17th century, Sontag claims that printing images of dark-skinned people in moments of suffering or pain is part of a long tradition of which of the following?
(a) Creating interest in the human rights violations committed against the colonized or dominated.
(b) Displaying the bodies of the colonized or dominated.
(c) Drumming up feelings of superiority over the colonized or dominated.
(d) Protesting oppressive treatment of the colonized or dominated.

7. According to Sontag, photographs of atrocities are best received if they are:
(a) Images of familiar places or people.
(b) Well-lit and high-contrast.
(c) So artistically simple as to seem uncomposed.
(d) Close-ups of compelling scenes.

8. Sontag claims that images of suffering in Africa send a double message. Which of the following best represents that message?
(a) Places like Africa always face horrors like this; therefore, intervention is a waste of resources.
(b) The suffering depicted in the photographs was inhumane and should be prevented; however, it is to be expected of a place like Africa.
(c) Violence is abhorrent in any case; therefore, we must interfene to stop such atrocities.
(d) Suffering like this only happens in backward places like Africa; thus, America and other developed nations are clearly superior.

9. Sontag describes a famous photograph from the Spanish Civil War in which two things occur simultaneously. What are those two things?
(a) A shot was fired and a soldier fell.
(b) A boy died and a helicopter landed.
(c) The photograph was snapped and the soldier was hit by a bullet.
(d) A soldier was shot and the commander surrendered.

10. Sontag argues that the photograph, unlike the written word, is:
(a) Politically charged.
(b) Subject to interpretation.
(c) Artistically inferior.
(d) Always objective.

11. According to Sontag, "to photograph is to frame, and to frame is to _______".
(a) Include.
(b) Alter.
(c) Exclude.
(d) Highlight.

12. Sontag discusses the subtitle of "Here is New York" in some detail. What was this subtitle?
(a) "A Nation in Shock."
(b) "A City Mourns."
(c) "A Democracy of Images."
(d) "September 11th, 2001."

13. According to Sontag, photojournalism was used post-9/11 to:
(a) Promote messages of peace and pacificism.
(b) Inform the public of the event.
(c) Increase sensitivity toward Middle-Eastern Americans.
(d) Increase support for military action.

14. Sontag discusses "Here Is New York," a photography exhibit depicting September 11th. Whom did the organizers ask to contribute photographs?
(a) Anyone who captured an image of the tragedy.
(b) Professional artists only.
(c) Amateurs only.
(d) Photojournalists only.

15. Sontag claims that "good taste" is always _________ when invoked by institutions.
(a) A way to maintain appearances.
(b) A repressive standard.
(c) A decision made in the interest of freedom.
(d) A measure to protect the public.

Short Answer Questions

1. Sontag argues that the most extensive kind of censorship is which of the following?

2. Who took the infamous image of Brigadier General Nguyen Ngoc Loan executing a Vietcong suspect in the street?

3. Which was the first war to be "covered" by professional war journalists at the front lines?

4. At the end of World War II, a group of journalists formed Magnum Photo Agency. Which of the following photographers was not among them?

5. The Brady war pictures were taken of which of the following wars?

(see the answer keys)

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