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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. If a fighter pilot enters a maneuver that accelerates him for a brief time at 9 g, what force is exerted upon him?

2. During the last real ice age, how much lower were the oceans than today?

3. How far is the moon from the Earth?

4. How fast is the Moon moving in respect to Earth?

5. In Chapter 11, when did the U.S. and Russia disclosed the number of nuclear strategic warheads that they had?

Short Essay Questions

1. What needs to be understood about global warming?

2. What are the GRACE satellites, and what are some things that they have measured?

3. What information can be discovered from space?

4. In Chapter 18, what could the author see with night vision binoculars?

5. What is X-ray backscatter, and what is it used for?

6. Why do all objects fall at the same speed?

7. What was the Little Ice Age?

8. What theory did Milutin Milankovic use to explain the cyclic pattern of the ice ages?

9. What happened to the space shuttle Columbia, and why does the author think what happened should not be a suprise?

10. In Chapter 11, what two sides are there to stockpiling weapons?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

A neutron bomb is a type of enhanced radiation weapon. What is the difference between a neutron bomb and a hydrogen bomb? What is the difference between the type of damage created by a neutron bomb and a hydrogen bomb? What does the neutron bomb reveal about a weapons paradox?

Essay Topic 2

Physics is the science that seeks to better understand the behavior of the universe. Why does Muller believe a basic understanding of physics is important for future presidents?

Essay Topic 3

Conservation is using energy efficiently. How are refrigerators an example of energy conservation? Why is conservation the most important and least expensive way to keep carbon dioxide at reasonable levels?

(see the answer keys)

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