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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did the United States place an embargo on Japanese oil imports after they invaded China?

2. How many kilotons of TNT were used by Al-Qaeda on September 11, 2001?

3. A ton of TNT is equal to the energy of how many food calories?

4. How many tons of gasoline mixed with air and detonated from a parachute, release the energy of over 100 tons of TNT?

5. In the Manhattan Project, how much uranium did scientists believe was needed for a critical mass?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does the energy released by jet fuel or gasoline compare to TNT, and why is TNT used instead of other sources with more energy?

2. How did the terrorists who carried out the bombing of the World Trade Center use their basic knowledge of airport security?

3. What caused most of the death and damage from the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs?

4. How does food compare in energy to gasoline and to TNT?

5. What does the author say about the ineptness of suicide bombers?

6. How does radioactivity go away?

7. In Chapter 7, was the United States running out of fossil fuels?

8. What happened to anthrax that was grown in Soviet laboratories, and what threat could it still pose?

9. What must alcohol be made from the U.S. and how is it determined that it has been made properly?

10. What are hydrogen bombs and their power?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Space exploration can be manned or unmanned. What are the dangers of space exploration for astronauts? How can unmanned expeditions provide as much or more information than a manned flight? Why would it be safer to stop sending astronauts into space and use robots or computers?

Essay Topic 2

Muller’s book is based on a class he taught at Berkeley. Why did Muller start the physics class for non-physicists? Why did he write the book?

Essay Topic 3

People are confused and misinformed about radioactivity. What confusion and misinformation surrounds discussions of radioactivity? How many people have died from radiation accidents? How do people usually die in a nuclear disaster? What are the risks of radiation exposure? How can safety measures decrease those risks?

(see the answer keys)

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