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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How old are the terrain features generated by Venus' volcanoes?
(a) 4 billion years.
(b) 500 million years.
(c) 2 billion years.
(d) 1 billion years.

2. Sagan describes the "myth" that he believes should be created as centering around what?
(a) Discovery.
(b) Encouragement.
(c) Tolerance.
(d) Science.

3. What was the name of the second mission that sent probes into the atmosphere of Venus?
(a) Mariner.
(b) Hubble.
(c) Brahe.
(d) Kepler.

4. About how many channels does SETI search for signs of extraterrestrial communication on?
(a) Millions.
(b) Thousands.
(c) One hundred.
(d) A few hundred.

5. What is an astronomical unit?
(a) The radius of the solar system.
(b) The distance that light travels in one minute.
(c) The mean distance between stars.
(d) The distance from the sun to the Earth.

Short Answer Questions

1. What happens to the number of asteroids and comets in the solar system as time goes on?

2. What type of Mars mission did President Reagan turn down?

3. What country does Sagan believe is best suited for undertaking a terraforming effort?

4. What does Sagan believe about weapons of mass destruction?

5. According to Sagan, how profitable is it for a nation to invest in space exploration?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Sagan believe would be necessary for the safety of the human race to be secured?

2. What does Sagan think were the major upsides of the Apollo missions?

3. What does Sagan want to see on Mars?

4. What resources does Sagan believe that carbon asteroids have that make them suitable for human habitation?

5. What promising signs does Mars have for being host to life?

6. What types of strategies are most practical for stopping an Earth-bound asteroid?

7. What does Sagan say that it is probably the fate of humanity to "live in the dark"?

8. How is Venus different from Earth?

9. What location in the solar system either have or are believed to have once had volcanoes?

10. How could planetary tides pull a small planet apart?

(see the answer keys)

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