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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What planet is the "evening star"?
(a) Mercury.
(b) Venus.
(c) Mars.
(d) Saturn.

2. Sagan describes the "myth" that he believes should be created as centering around what?
(a) Science.
(b) Tolerance.
(c) Encouragement.
(d) Discovery.

3. What moon was found to have volcanoes?
(a) Terpsichore.
(b) Persephone.
(c) Europa.
(d) Io.

4. About how large a percentage of the mass of the total universe does dark matter make up?
(a) Five percent.
(b) Sixty percent.
(c) Ninety percent.
(d) Thirty percent.

5. What type of government is Sagan most opposed to?
(a) Plutocracy.
(b) Fascism.
(c) Socialism.
(d) Theocracy.

6. Sagan suggests that humans could live and thrive around what unusual type of star?
(a) Brown dwarfs.
(b) Pulsars.
(c) Nova nuclei.
(d) White dwarfs.

7. When did the belief that Venus was a "sister planet" to Earth become dispelled?
(a) The late nineteenth century.
(b) The mid twentieth century.
(c) The early twentieth century.
(d) The mid nineteenth century.

8. What did Steven Hawking worry about with regard to black holes?
(a) That they could tear space-time.
(b) That they could migrate into the solar system.
(c) That there were varied types of them.
(d) That they were growing larger with time.

9. Which of the following characteristics of Venus is LEAST similar to Earth's?
(a) Orbit.
(b) Size.
(c) Gravitation.
(d) Mass.

10. What fuel source might be viable within asteroids?
(a) Hexane.
(b) Methane.
(c) Bacteria byproducts.
(d) Organic solids.

11. What is the main component of the atmosphere of Venus?
(a) Hydrogen.
(b) Sulfuric acid.
(c) Quicklime gas.
(d) Phosphate.

12. Sagan discusses in detail a theory that Saturn's rings are caused by what effect?
(a) Ether condensation.
(b) Cosmic perturbation.
(c) Gravity waves.
(d) Planetary tides.

13. What is the acronym for the project within SETI that Sagan worked on?
(a) SPACE.
(b) MEGA.
(c) TITAN.
(d) ARGUS.

14. What process would be critical to terraforming Mars?
(a) The Turing effect.
(b) Oxidation.
(c) Ozone catalyzing.
(d) The greenhouse cycle.

15. Sagan says that the moon was once understood as a symbol of which of the following?
(a) The unattainable.
(b) Fertility.
(c) Madness.
(d) Prosperity.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Martian soil seem to contain?

2. When does Sagan think that the human race will be "on its way"?

3. When was Venus first explored by a space probe?

4. When does Sagan predict that anti-matter will be mass-manufactured?

5. What type of Mars mission did President Reagan turn down?

(see the answer keys)

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