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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the name of the philosopher who said, "Man is the being who is capable of becoming guilty and is capable of illuminating his guilt"?
(a) Friedrich Nietzsche.
(b) Dallas Willard.
(c) Martin Buber.
(d) John Locke.

2. Sigmund Freud once said, "When you meet a human being, the first distinction you make is ______________?"
(a) Old or young.
(b) Smart or stupid.
(c) Male or female.
(d) Crazy or sane.

3. Why does Viorst think some people fear success?
(a) They fear punishment from the rival parent.
(b) They fear retaliation from siblings.
(c) They fear the responsibility that comes with success.
(d) They fear being more successful than the opposite sex parent.

4. "Reality testing" means what?
(a) That wishing doesn't make it so.
(b) That we should just stay with our parents.
(c) That we go to college and experiment.
(d) That we try different roles in order to become an adult.

5. What is the name of the personality that evolves when a child cannot trust their own feelings and takes on the personality traits of others?
(a) "As-if personality."
(b) "Borderline personality."
(c) "Chameleon personality."
(d) "Shifting personality."

6. According to psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, immature love follows what principle?
(a) I hate you because I love you.
(b) I need you because I love you.
(c) I love you because I need you.
(d) I am loved because I love.

7. According to Chapter 9, what feeling could be fear of the loss of our own love?
(a) Guilt.
(b) Shame.
(c) Anxiety.
(d) Hatred.

8. Which two psychologists believe that the contacts between infant and mother produce a "deep libidinal pleasure"?
(a) Skinner and Sullivan.
(b) Piaget and Spock.
(c) Freud and Erikson.
(d) Jung and Adler.

9. What does Viorst explain we are trying to accomplish when we try to "undo' the separation from our mother?
(a) Vying for our father's affection.
(b) Proving we are competent individuals.
(c) Seeking the unconditional love of our mother's arms.
(d) Learning to accept and love ourselves.

10. Viorst states, "All of us, to some degree, are _______________."
(a) Homosexual.
(b) Primarily sexual.
(c) Asexual.
(d) Bisexual.

11. The idea that we are all in love with the parent of the opposite sex is known as what?
(a) The Oedipus complex.
(b) The Odysseus complex.
(c) The Oracle complex.
(d) The Electra complex.

12. Drugs, communing with nature, religious experiences, and meditation are all ways in which people seek to what?
(a) Escape from the stress of everyday life.
(b) Bridge the loss of oneness with our mother.
(c) Fit in and find acceptance with others.
(d) Reach a higher level of awareness.

13. The Cinderella Complex says that women are programmed for what?
(a) Helplessness.
(b) Dependency.
(c) Being a maid.
(d) Motherhood.

14. In the study discussed in Chapter 8, how many school children were asked how their lives would be different if they woke up the next morning as the opposite sex?
(a) 300.
(b) 2,000.
(c) 982.
(d) 50.

15. Even as adults, according to the author, we still view our mothers as what?
(a) As our biggest fan.
(b) As our greatest critic.
(c) As our safety net.
(d) As our dearest friend.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Viorst, what are we all striving to be?

2. How does Viorst purport that we form an identification of "I"?

3. According to the author, what do babies need?

4. Why does Viorst say we "need the controls provided by guilt"?

5. Which of the answers below describes the stages and challenges of the life cycle according to Erik Erikson?

(see the answer keys)

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