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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What reason does Ut-napishtium (or Atrahasis) give Gilgamesh for why only he is allowed to be immortal?
(a) Ut-napishtium is too holy to ever die.
(b) Ut-napishtium saved the gods.
(c) Ut-napishtium's responsibilities on Earth will never end.
(d) Ut-napishtium saved mankind.

2. Which goddess creates Enkidu in order to bring down Gilgamesh's arrogance?
(a) Ishtar.
(b) Tiamat.
(c) Aruru.
(d) Ereshkigal.

3. In what modern country can the ancient civilization of these myths be found?
(a) Syria.
(b) Afghanistan.
(c) Iraq.
(d) Iran.

4. What reason is given for the myths of this book being the basis of stories for other cultures?
(a) People of other countries frequently travelled through Mesopotamia.
(b) Mesopotamia created one of the first traveling libraries.
(c) The people of Mesopotamia traveled the world.
(d) The people of Mesopotamia often sent scrolls to churches of other faiths.

5. In the final tablet of the Epic of Gilgamesh, what does Enkidu offer to retrieve for Gilgamesh?
(a) Shamhat.
(b) A sword.
(c) A toy.
(d) A pomegranate seed.

Short Answer Questions

1. What Greek goddess is heavily connected to Ishtar?

2. How many gates must one pass through to reach Kurnugi?

3. On what medium where these myths originally found?

4. How must Nergal atone for his offense towards Namtar?

5. Who tells Atrahasis to build a boat in anticipation of Ellil flooding the world?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe Gilgamesh's journey to see Ut-napishtim (or Atrahasis)?

2. How do the fates of Dumuzi and Belili explain the seasons and rituals of Mesopotamia?

3. Why does Belet-ili bring Enkidu to life?

4. How does Shamhat force Enkidu to meet Gilgamesh?

5. For what reasons does Enkidu die?

6. After giving up on disease, how does Ellil try to keep the world from becoming overpopulated?

7. In the longer version of this story, what happens after Namtar fails to find Nergal outside of the Underworld?

8. Why is Namtar sent above ground to the feast in the story of Nergal and Ereshkigal?

9. How does mankind react to the drought and famine before the ultimate appearance of the flood?

10. What reasons does Ereshkigal give for her anguish over losing Nergal?

(see the answer keys)

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