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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Montessori opened her first school in which year?

2. What was the profession of Rousseau's father?

3. Jefferson joined which organization in 1775?

4. Dewey attended which prestigious university?

5. When did Horace Mann live?

Short Essay Questions

1. How were liberal views received during the late 1700s in Europe?

2. How and when did Jean-Jacques Rousseau begin his academic career?

3. What was the basic educational background of Mary Wollstonecraft? How did it influence her work with women?

4. When did Jane Addams live? What major events occurred in the United States during this time in regard to basic structure and commerce?

5. When did Jean-Jacques Rousseau live? What major events occurred during Jean-Jacques Rousseau's lifetime? How were educational ideas changed?

6. What was the basis of Jefferson's educational platform?

7. When did Mohandas Gandhi live? What was the landscape of the Indian government at that time?

8. When did the first Montessori school open? What was its mission statement?

9. When did W.E.B. Du Bois live? What major events occurred during this time and how did they affect the African-American community?

10. When did Paulo Freire live? What major events occurred in Brazil during Freire's life and career?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Examine the ancient Greeks' contributions to modern education. Include the work of Plato and Aristotle. Compare and contrast the contributions of the ancient Greeks to the more modern educators such as Montessori and Froebel. Who made the biggest contribution? How did the other educators base their work upon the systems developed by the ancient Greeks? Give examples.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast the educational systems in Europe and America today versus those used in 17th, 18th and 19th centuries. What are the major changes? What are the similarities? How might things change in the next 20 years? 50 years? 100 years?

Essay Topic 3

Why do you think Maria Montessori switched from engineering to medicine? What caused her to switch from medicine to education? Examine Montessori's medical career. What prompted her to open a school? Was it a success? When did Montessori come to the US? How are the Montessori Schools in the US different from those in Europe?

(see the answer keys)

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