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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Romans believed in divine authority for __________, which eventually led to Inanaeus' death sentence for treason.
(a) Their priests.
(b) Their men.
(c) Their gods.
(d) Their teachers.

2. ___________ was the issue of the day for the orthodox church, according to Pagels' findings in this chapter.
(a) Authority.
(b) Writing.
(c) Truth.
(d) Doctrine.

3. Some Gnostic authors see Sophia as the ___________ benevolently having provided the gift of self-awareness to Adam and to Eve.
(a) Serpent.
(b) Goddess.
(c) Tree.
(d) Apple.

4. Pagels talks about three different interpretations of the Divine - as the _______, as the Holy Spirit, and as Wisdom.
(a) Grace.
(b) Truth.
(c) Belief.
(d) Silence.

5. The difference between Plato's doctrine of the soul's ______________ and the resurrection was that resurrection was real flesh reborn.
(a) Tangibility.
(b) Immortality.
(c) Movement.
(d) Form.

Short Answer Questions

1. There are some descriptions of the resurrection that could raise some questions about the _____________ of the event.

2. Two separate versions of Paul's experience in Damascus have spectators hearing the voice, but only one account includes the _________.

3. "I believe in One God, Father Almighty, _________ of Heaven and Earth" is the Christian creed.

4. While the scrolls were taken to the Coptic museum for safekeeping, _______ of the codices were smuggled out of the country.

5. What was the color of the earthenware jar that the Arabs in the area found to contain momentous records of early Christianity?

Short Essay Questions

1. When Paul is writing in his letters, he refers to something that is 'whether it is in the body or out of the body I do not know.' What is he referring to?

2. Why did the orthodox preserve Christianity, according to the logic of Pagels?

3. Why was the conversion of a Christian women mentioned in a letter that Justin sent to Emperor Antonius Pius?

4. What is the image that would infuriate the orthodox, the one that is described in Nag Hammadi's Apocalypse of Peter?

5. Why were many of the papyri scrolls suddenly found on the black market after their initial discovery?

6. What are the three Gnostic interpretations of the divine that Pagels speaks of in this section of the book?

7. What was the primary goal of the Valentianians in the way they lived and followed their beliefs?

8. What did Iranaeus think about the idea of monotheism of the Valentinians and its place in the faith?

9. What made Christianity an easy reach for the masses, while also consolidating power in the Church?

10. What was the debate the gnostic teachers had about the idea of the Dyad in the relationship of God?

(see the answer keys)

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