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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Ignatius placed the presence of the ____________ as the legitimizing force in administering the sacrament and in holding meetings.
(a) Priest.
(b) Layperson.
(c) Pope.
(d) Bishop.

2. The orthodoxy tried to maintain its power and its legitimacy by striving against any _____________ criteria.
(a) Dishonest.
(b) Subjective.
(c) Objective.
(d) Truthful.

3. In the works of the philosopher, Nietzsche, he speaks of Jesus as being the only true _____________.
(a) Lover.
(b) Believer.
(c) Gnostic.
(d) Christian.

4. Polycarb refused the __________________ and was burned alive because of his Christian beliefs.
(a) Sacrifice.
(b) Ritual drink.
(c) Goat.
(d) Bread.

5. There is even some suggestion in Gnostic texts that man himself creates the world of ___________, something radical even for the Gnostic beliefs.
(a) God.
(b) Pain.
(c) Man.
(d) Life.

6. Both the Gnostics and the orthodox, according to Blake, see Jesus as a false __________ in the history of man.
(a) Man.
(b) Christ.
(c) Goal.
(d) Truth.

7. Citizens were _____________ immediately, but those who were non-citizens were tortured in public stadiums.
(a) Poisoned.
(b) Shot.
(c) Tortured.
(d) Beheaded.

8. The ____________ between the Gnostic and the orthodox is echoed in the centuries to come, according to historical findings.
(a) Conflict.
(b) Dichotomy.
(c) Misunderstandings.
(d) Interaction.

9. How did the soldier start the riot which caused so many deaths in the Temple's courtyard?
(a) Swearing and cursing.
(b) Blaspheming Jesus.
(c) Ripping up the scriptures.
(d) Exposing himself.

10. Jesus tells Thomas that no one comes to the Father, but by ________ when he is asked about getting to the next level.
(a) You.
(b) Her.
(c) Faith.
(d) Me.

11. The Christan world, it could be said, was and continues to be one of __________ reality.
(a) Mourned.
(b) Social.
(c) Misunderstood.
(d) Celebrate.

12. The Gnostic author had nothing but contempt for a congregation of seekers that sought to avoid the firm citadel of Christan ___________.
(a) Communion.
(b) Crucifixion.
(c) Blasphemy.
(d) Confession.

13. What was not a part of the daily lives of Christians according to Pagels' conclusions?
(a) Marriages.
(b) Sacrifices.
(c) Baptisms.
(d) Funerals.

14. The ___________ was relatively solitary and generally quite introspective in nature, contrary to other systems.
(a) The Jewish faith.
(b) Gnostic path.
(c) The Christian world.
(d) The Muslim journey.

15. The advice of Jesus to Thomas was attractive to the ____________ as it indicated there was only a strict and narrow path to Heaven.
(a) Pagan.
(b) Agnostic.
(c) Orthodoxy.
(d) Gnostic.

Short Answer Questions

1. When it came to discriminate as to the true Church, ______ pervaded even the sanctum of the orthodox.

2. Pagels wonders if true authority is only found when one takes a journey __________ on his own.

3. One argument against the orthodox is that Christians refuse to truly seek God who can only be found in the fulfillment of the _________.

4. Justin was a philosopher who wrote to the Emperor protesting the treatment of a __________________.

5. The orthodox Christian looks at _____________ as a consequence of disbelief and of sin.

(see the answer keys)

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