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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What do some people at the state level want to see implemented?
(a) A public defender's office.
(b) A lottery to decide who takes a case.
(c) Another appellate court.
(d) Mandatory attorney representation.

2. Prior to Gideons' Supreme Court case, how many of the nine Justices does Fortas think will rule in his favor?
(a) 5.
(b) 8.
(c) 2.
(d) 6.

3. What is the case in which six black boys were accused of rape of two white girls in 1932?
(a) The Petersborough Case.
(b) The Scotsboro Case.
(c) The Missouri Case.
(d) The Alabama Case.

4. Why does the right to an attorney issue become even greater on the state level?
(a) There are judges who want to rule on a case-by-case basis.
(b) There are more intellectually challenged defendants.
(c) The states resist the change.
(d) There are more indigent defendants.

5. How might Gideon have known about the Carnley vs. Cochran case?
(a) Newspapers.
(b) Law books.
(c) TV.
(d) Radio.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the formal name of Gideon's Supreme Court case?

2. Who does George Mantz say is looking out for defendants with attorneys?

3. Which of the following is true of Jacobs prior to the Supreme Court case?

4. What did retired Justice Frankfurter say about Gideon vs. Wainwright?

5. How many other states sign Berlin's legal brief?

Short Essay Questions

1. What embarrassing statement does Jacob make in dialogue regarding Gideon representing someone else in court?

2. What is the impact of the Gideon ruling regarding getting support for attorneys who are appointed to criminal cases?

3. What flaw does Fortas present in determining decisions on a case-by-case basis?

4. What could be the reason that the Supreme Court Justices selected Fortas to represent Gideon?

5. What change on the Supreme Court bench seems fortunate for Gideon's case?

6. What is the next step after the Supreme Court rules in Gideon's favor?

7. What is State Judge Walter V. Schaefer's reasoning on why the right to an attorney is greater than all other rights?

8. Why is Gideon's Supreme Court case called Gideon vs. Wainwright?

9. What is Jacob's opinion on the retroactive element of any law which may evolve from Gideon's Supreme Court case?

10. What is Justice Black's statement about Betts when he offers the Supreme Court opinion?

(see the answer keys)

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