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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Under the Betts rule, who is required to have an attorney?
(a) A person of low intelligence.
(b) An innocent person.
(c) An indigent person.
(d) A guilty person.

2. What does Abe Fortas think would be the best way for the Justices to understand Gideon's case?
(a) They should go to criminal court and watch a defendant try to defend himself.
(b) They should read Gideon's trial transcripts.
(c) They should listen to interviews of inmates.
(d) They should talk to local judges.

3. What would add to chaos if the Betts rule were to be overturned?
(a) Riots in prisons all across America.
(b) Media interviews would overwhelm them.
(c) Law schools would have to change curriculum.
(d) Mass filing of appeals from current prisoners.

4. Jacob contends that the basis for his case is about _________________, not an attorney.
(a) The Attorney General.
(b) The Fourteenth Amendment.
(c) The Constitution.
(d) States' rights.

5. What "stupid answer" does Jacob give in response to a Justice?
(a) He did not realize that he would be questioned on some of these issues.
(b) Gideon did the crime and he has to do the time.
(c) The Justices have not done their due diligence in the case.
(d) A judge would not object to a lay person representing someone else.

6. Who does George Mantz say is looking out for defendants with attorneys?
(a) The state.
(b) The judge.
(c) The defendant.
(d) The Supreme Court.

7. In most cases the majority of the work falls on _________________.
(a) The Attorney General.
(b) The defense attorney.
(c) The defendant.
(d) The prosecutor's office.

8. Who is the new director of the Florida prison system during Gideon's Supreme Court trial?
(a) Louie L. Wainwright.
(b) Marvellas Cooke.
(c) Marvin Edelman.
(d) Harold Milligan.

9. What would be the benefit of a public defender's office?
(a) Knowledge of courts.
(b) Knowledge of judges.
(c) Better compensation.
(d) Familiarity with areas.

10. Walter Mondale of Minnesota wrote to Jacob that all __________________ should have a lawyer.
(a) Felony defendants.
(b) Accused people.
(c) People.
(d) Indigents.

11. The Justice makes the point that all the prisoners currently jailed without counsel were entitled to an attorney ________________________.
(a) Until proven guilty.
(b) Under the special circumstances rule.
(c) Whether they wanted one or not.
(d) Because this is America.

12. Jacob recommends that if a new law were to come from the Gideon case it should not be _______________.
(a) Publicized.
(b) Retroactive.
(c) In effect for a year.
(d) Enforced.

13. Lawyers appearing before the Supreme Court should present facts as opposed to ________________.
(a) Lofty ideas.
(b) Theories.
(c) Speculation.
(d) Opinions.

14. Which of the following is true of Jacobs prior to the Supreme Court case?
(a) He spends time worrying about minor points.
(b) He is impressed by the formality of the crier who opens the proceedings.
(c) All of these.
(d) He is struck by the pomp of the building.

15. What did State Judge Walter V. Schaefer of the Illin.ois Court of Illinois assert as a citizen's greatest right?
(a) The right to bear arms.
(b) The right of free speech.
(c) The right to practice religion.
(d) The right to an attorney.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which of the following is an indigent person unable to afford that a rich defendant can?

2. For how long are Supreme Court Justices on the bench?

3. Who is the law student who works on research for Fortas?

4. Why was the Betts case able to prevail in 1942?

5. Which of the following do the Supreme Court Justices have?

(see the answer keys)

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