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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What can be said about Gideon in that he stuck to the process of filing an appeal?
(a) Affable.
(b) Tenacious.
(c) Evasive.
(d) Impudent.

2. What does Abe Fortas think would be the best way for the Justices to understand Gideon's case?
(a) They should listen to interviews of inmates.
(b) They should talk to local judges.
(c) They should read Gideon's trial transcripts.
(d) They should go to criminal court and watch a defendant try to defend himself.

3. What "stupid answer" does Jacob give in response to a Justice?
(a) A judge would not object to a lay person representing someone else.
(b) Gideon did the crime and he has to do the time.
(c) He did not realize that he would be questioned on some of these issues.
(d) The Justices have not done their due diligence in the case.

4. How does Gideon describe Fortas' legal brief about the case?
(a) Truly inspiring work.
(b) Brilliant document.
(c) A Godsend.
(d) A masterpiece.

5. For how long are Supreme Court Justices on the bench?
(a) Ten year terms.
(b) Lifetime terms.
(c) Two year terms.
(d) Four year terms.

6. What comment does George Mantz say that draws laughter from the Justices?
(a) A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
(b) An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
(c) Hope springs eternal.
(d) The early bird catches the worm.

7. What is a legal document submitted to the Supreme Court from anyone who may have something helpful to add to a case?
(a) Amicus Curiae.
(b) Good Neighbor.
(c) Goodwill.
(d) Federal Affiliation.

8. Prior to Gideons' Supreme Court case, how many of the nine Justices does Fortas think will rule in his favor?
(a) 5.
(b) 6.
(c) 2.
(d) 8.

9. What is the case in which the the opinion indicates that federal defendants should always have the right to an attorney?
(a) Jackson vs. Zolta.
(b) Johnson vs. Johnson.
(c) Johnson vs. Zerbst.
(d) Jackman vs. Zerbst.

10. Walter Mondale of Minnesota wrote to Jacob that all __________________ should have a lawyer.
(a) People.
(b) Indigents.
(c) Accused people.
(d) Felony defendants.

11. Jacob recommends that if a new law were to come from the Gideon case it should not be _______________.
(a) Publicized.
(b) In effect for a year.
(c) Enforced.
(d) Retroactive.

12. What do some people at the state level want to see implemented?
(a) A public defender's office.
(b) A lottery to decide who takes a case.
(c) Another appellate court.
(d) Mandatory attorney representation.

13. Which of the following is NOT a Justice seated during Gideon's Supreme Court case?
(a) Arthur J. Goldberg.
(b) Earl Warren.
(c) John Marshall Harlan.
(d) Daniel Ellsberg.

14. The Supreme Court Justices are aware that many of the cases they hear are the result of __________________.
(a) Unskilled judges in the local courts.
(b) A defendant's lack of a defense attorney.
(c) A poor State Court system.
(d) An overloaded local court system.

15. Why does the right to an attorney issue become even greater on the state level?
(a) The states resist the change.
(b) There are more indigent defendants.
(c) There are judges who want to rule on a case-by-case basis.
(d) There are more intellectually challenged defendants.

Short Answer Questions

1. Lawyers appearing before the Supreme Court should not be overconfident or ______________.

2. Which are the only two states to stand with Florida on the right to an attorney position?

3. Who was the director of the federal penitentiary system?

4. Which of the following is true regarding Supreme Court Justices?

5. Who is the law student who works on research for Fortas?

(see the answer keys)

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