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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is Olympieus doing when he is killed by an arrow?

2. When king Leonidas gives his speech on the night of the arrival of the Persian force, to whom is he speaking?

3. Who vouches for Xeones that he did not overhear details of the raid from the surgeons?

4. What does Lady Arete's letter to Diomache say?

5. How do the Persian forces surround the Greeks?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the first day of battle.

2. What happens when Rooster returns to the Greeks on the second day of battle?

3. What main advantage do the Spartans have over the Persians?

4. Why does Xerxes not want to face the Spartans in Sparta?

5. Why does Arete claim the child of Rooster is really the child of her husband Dienekes? What unforeseen effect does this have?

6. Why does Xerxes trust Xeones?

7. Why do the Spartans want to kill Rooster and his infant son?

8. Where has Xeones seen Xerxes before he is brought into his tent?

9. What kind of force arrives at Thermopylae to meet the Persians?

10. Describe what the Persians do to the body of the Spartan king, Leonidas.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In ancient Greece, just like many other ancient civilizations, crimes were punished much more severely than they are now. Many crimes involving stealing would result in losing a hand, or having the hands crippled. Have students write an essay answering the following questions:

1. What are these kinds of punishments no longer in use? What caused them to be discontinued in the Western world?

2. Are these kinds of punishments still in use today? If they are, then where, and why?

3. Do you feel that capital and corporal punishment is appropriate punishment for most crimes? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

What causes Leonidas to offer freedom to the helots, and allow anyone who does not want to stand and die the opportunity to leave? Why do he and his men remain to fight the Persians, knowing that they will die? What are some reasons that so many of them leave? Does leaving the field of battle, knowing that they can not win and will die, make all of the men who leave cowards? Explain your answer.

Essay Topic 3

By simply maintaining military discipline, the Spartans are able to defeat many enemies in battle who do not know discipline. Define discipline. Why is discipline so important on the battlefield? Is it equally important off the field? Why or why not?

(see the answer keys)

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