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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who is the half helot's father?

2. By what other name is Sparta called?

3. As Chapter 2 opens, what does Xeones say that the word Thermopylae means?

4. What is Xeones trying to steal when he is caught?

5. How does Xeones describe Dienekes?

Short Essay Questions

1. How are Xeones and Alexandros assigned after the battle at Antirhion?

2. What happens to Xeones after his city is burned?

3. How do the Spartans count their dead?

4. Describe the Spartan games.

5. How does Xeones come to be in the Persian camp?

6. What is the story behind Dienekes and Arete?

7. Why does Xeones refuse to continue with the story? What happens that causes him to continue?

8. What is the concern of the lady Paraleio, Alexandros' mother?

9. What is a helot?

10. Why does Diomache feel that no one will want to marry her?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The preferred style of combat for the Spartans is the heavy infantry phalanx. Answer the following questions about the Spartan phalanx:

1. Describe the structure of the phalanx.

2. What role does discipline play in the successful phalanx?

3. What role does cohesive teamwork play in the successful phalanx?

4. What strengths and weaknesses does the phalanx have?

Essay Topic 2

In ancient Greece, just like many other ancient civilizations, crimes were punished much more severely than they are now. Many crimes involving stealing would result in losing a hand, or having the hands crippled. Have students write an essay answering the following questions:

1. What are these kinds of punishments no longer in use? What caused them to be discontinued in the Western world?

2. Are these kinds of punishments still in use today? If they are, then where, and why?

3. Do you feel that capital and corporal punishment is appropriate punishment for most crimes? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 3

After seeing what losses he takes fighting the Spartans, Xerxes almost leaves Greece and abandons his campaign. How is he persuaded to remain? What emotion drives him to stay? Is Xerxes in control of his own emotions here? Explain your answer.

(see the answer keys)

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