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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In Chapter 9, who dies on the final night of the training exercise?

2. Who were the first soldiers to arrive at Thermopylae?

3. Where does Bruxieus tell Xeones and Diomache to go?

4. Who is Diomache?

5. What punishment do Alexandros and Xeones receive?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is a helot?

2. Why does Xerxes want to hear about the Spartans?

3. What does the lady Arete reveal to Xeones?

4. Who is Bruxieus?

5. How does Xeones come to follow the Spartan army when they march out to war?

6. What happens to Xeones after his city is burned?

7. Why does Xeones refuse to continue with the story? What happens that causes him to continue?

8. Describe the Spartan games.

9. Who catches Alexandros not using his shield properly? What happens?

10. Why is Xeones depressed? What happens?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

By simply maintaining military discipline, the Spartans are able to defeat many enemies in battle who do not know discipline. Define discipline. Why is discipline so important on the battlefield? Is it equally important off the field? Why or why not?

Essay Topic 2

The preferred style of combat for the Spartans is the heavy infantry phalanx. Answer the following questions about the Spartan phalanx:

1. Describe the structure of the phalanx.

2. What role does discipline play in the successful phalanx?

3. What role does cohesive teamwork play in the successful phalanx?

4. What strengths and weaknesses does the phalanx have?

Essay Topic 3

What is an all-sire unit? Explain what it means to be an all-sire unit. What would it be like to be a member of one of these units? Compare the Spartan all-sire units with similar units of other civilizations and times.

(see the answer keys)

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