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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In mathematics, what is a system which does not satisfy the superposition principle, or whose output is not directly proportional to its input?
(a) Thermolinear system.
(b) Hyperlinear system.
(c) Linear system.
(d) Nonlinear system.

2. Who is quoted in Chapter 1, "The Butterfly Effect" as saying "Physicists like to think that all you have to do is say, these are the conditions, now what happens next?"
(a) Thomas S. Kuhn.
(b) Stephen Spender.
(c) Edward Lorenz.
(d) Richard Feynman.

3. What were the subjects allowed to glance at one at a time in the experiment from the 1940s described by Gleick in Chapter 2, "Revolution"?
(a) Ink blots.
(b) Playing cards.
(c) Postage stamps.
(d) Nature photographs.

4. Where was Benoit Mandelbrot born?
(a) Lisbon, Portugal.
(b) Reykjavík, Iceland.
(c) Warsaw, Poland.
(d) Milan, Italy.

5. Who is attributed with the following quote in the beginning of Chapter 3, "Life's Ups and Downs": "The result of a mathematical development should be continuously checked against one's own intuition about what constitutes reasonable biological behavior"?
(a) Stanislaw Ulam.
(b) Benoit Mandelbrot.
(c) Harvey J. Gold.
(d) Steven Smale.

6. What refers to a change in the basic assumptions within the ruling theory of science?
(a) Fractal basin boundaries.
(b) Theoretical physics.
(c) Gradient.
(d) Paradigm shift.

7. Where was James Yorke born?
(a) Cheyenne, Wyoming.
(b) Flagstaff, Arizona.
(c) Portland, Oregon.
(d) Plainfield, New Jersey.

8. James Yorke realized that one of the largest problems with his work was that mathematicians and physicists were often worlds apart because they did not what?
(a) Report to work at the same time.
(b) Follow the same rules.
(c) Speak the same language.
(d) Use the same equipment.

9. What is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force?
(a) Fluid dynamics.
(b) Thermodynamics.
(c) Physics.
(d) Physiology.

10. In the 1950s and 1960s what two technologies were maturing together, according to the author in Chapter 1, "The Butterfly Effect"?
(a) The automobile and space stellite.
(b) The digital computer and television.
(c) The space satellite and digital computer.
(d) The television and automobile.

11. Who said that calling the study of chaos a nonlinear science was akin to calling zoology "the study of nonelephant animals" in Chapter 3, "Life's Ups and Downs"?
(a) Enrico Fermi.
(b) Harvey J. Gold.
(c) Stanislaw Ulam.
(d) Wallace Stevens.

12. In Chapter 2, "Revolution," the author writes, "Professional scientists, given brief, uncertain glimpses of nature's workings, are no less vulnerable to anguish and confusion when they come face to face with" _______________?
(a) "Fractals".
(b) "Incongruity".
(c) "Turbulence".
(d) "Cantor dust".

13. What refers to a supercomputer manufacturer based in Seattle, Washington, and founded in 1972?
(a) More.
(b) Bend.
(c) Ting.
(d) Cray.

14. What studies the behavior of dynamical systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions?
(a) Deterministic Nonperiodic Flow.
(b) Butterfly effect.
(c) Chaos theory.
(d) Nonlinear system.

15. In mathematics and statistics, a _____ is a quantity that serves to relate functions and variables using a common variable when such a relationship would be difficult to explicate with an equation.
(a) Fraction.
(b) Paradigm.
(c) Parameter.
(d) Divisor.

Short Answer Questions

1. When was Steven Smale born?

2. What controversial book did Thomas S. Kuhn publish in 1962?

3. In Chapter 2, "Revolution," Gleick writes that the only problem with studying and experimenting with a new science is what?

4. Who is attributed to the following quote from Chapter 2, "Revolution": "Of course, the entire effort is to put oneself outside the ordinary range of what are called statistics"?

5. Although James Yorke was a brilliant mathematician, he often referred to himself as what?

(see the answer keys)

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