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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who gives Mustafa Kemal an Iron Cross in Chapter 64?

2. Who narrates Chapter 2 of the Epilogue?

3. What does Karatavuk become after losing his job as a potter?

4. What did Fikret teach Karatavuk to do, according to his narrative in Chapter 63?

5. What is revealed to be Leyla's real name in Chapter 90?

Short Essay Questions

1. What happened to Philothei's body?

2. What funny things happened when Philothei was 13, according to her narrative in Chapter 61?

3. How is Fikred described?

4. How did King Alexander die?

5. How is the narrative related in Chapter 62? How is this narrative style established?

6. Why did Sergeant Osman return to Eskibahçe in Chapter 88?

7. What are Mustafa Kemal's circumstances in Chapter 68?

8. How did Fikret die? What did he say when he died?

9. How is the narrative of Chapter 85 related?

10. How is the narrative of Chapter 91 related?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the author's use of foreshadowing and red herrings in Birds Without Wings. What foreshadowing is established immediately from the first chapter? Are red herrings employed? What purpose does each example serve?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the themes of sex and gender in Birds Without Wings. How did gender expectations in this time period and place differ from today? What are examples in the book of the problems of these expectations? What characters defy those expectations?

Essay Topic 3

Mustafa Kemal is a real historical figure that is characterized in Birds Without Wings. Discuss the characterization of Mustafa Kemal. What are his main objectives? What obstacles does he face? What happens to him in the course of the story?

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