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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What term in Chapter 45 refers to secret societies formed to bring about the reunification of Greece?

2. In what kind of school did Mustafa Kemal convince his mother to enroll him in after his father's death?

3. What color stone does Philothei describe Ibrahim giving her in Chapter 4?

4. When does Chapter 49 begin with its return to Mustafa Kemal's story?

5. What is the title of Chapter 1?

Short Essay Questions

1. What symbolism is central in Chapter 11?

2. What did Rustem Bey ask Abdulhamid in Chapter 48? What did Abdulhamid respond?

3. Where was Rustem Bey going in Chapter 25? Why?

4. What is described in the brief narrative of Chapter 35?

5. How is the narrative of Chapter 22 related? How is this denoted?

6. Who was Mustafa Kemal in real life?

7. What does Philothei describe Ibrahim doing that proved his love for her in Chapter 43?

8. How is Chapter 5 narrated? In what tense is it related?

9. What is the status of the war when Mustafa Kemal reaches Istanbul in Chapter 46?

10. From what narrative perspective is Chapter 4 related? How is this denoted?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the themes of nationalism and identity in Birds Without Wings. How are these themes developed through characters? How are they developed through setting and symbolism? What statements is the author making regarding nationalism and identity?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the theme of religion in Birds Without Wings. What are the predominant religions that are examined in the novel? How are they similar? How are they different? What characters turn against religion in the course of the narrative? Why?

Essay Topic 3

Describe and analyze the plot structure of Birds Without Wings. What is the inciting incident of the narrative? Where does the climax occur? What does the reader learn in the falling action and denouement?

(see the answer keys)

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