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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Gerard Groote found?

2. What did King Edward's daughter decide on her way to her wedding?

3. Why is Enguerrand torn when King Charles declares war in 1369?

4. What was a woman's recourse against a dominant husband?

5. What threat confronted people in the countryside of Europe in the 1360s?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe Enguerrand's campaign in Alsace.

2. Describe the beginnings of the Inquisition.

3. Describe Buckingham's expedition to France shortly before the French king's death.

4. Describe Lionel, Duke of Clarence's wedding to Violante Visconti.

5. How is Charles almost killed during his pilgrimage of thanks?

6. What are marriages typically like in 14th-century France?

7. What are conditions like in England in 1376?

8. Describe the problem of brigands in the French countryside.

9. Describe Enguerrand's actions against Charles of Navarre.

10. What happens when Charles goes mad?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Tuchman describes a number of ways that societies in the fourteenth century disposed of superfluous people, in wars, in plagues, in the Inquisition. Analyze these squanderings, and describe the value society placed on human life in the fourteenth century. Why couldn't society find uses for these "extras"? Why were warfare and the Inquisition the best ways to dispose of them? Did anyone try to put the masses to better uses? What was the state of technology, that there were so many extra people? What was the state of agricultural production, to feed so many people?

Essay Topic 2

How is the national discussion about taxes today similar to or different than the discussions Frenchmen and Englishmen were having about taxes in the fourteenth century? How were taxes different then, and how did the societies respond to taxation?

Essay Topic 3

Describe the role corruption played in the church and in the government in the fourteenth century. How did the nobles or clergy get away with being so corrupt? What factors allowed the corruption to persist for so long? Use your answer to characterize fourteenth century society.

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