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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Sandler writes, "Communism is based on a system in which" what entity "owns everything and is responsible for distributing resources to every citizen" (96)?

2. In what location did one of "the largest and most devastating riots of all" NOT "take place" (72) during the period known as the Red Summer?

3. To what city did Al Capone move in the year 1920?

4. What newspaper was "the most widely read black publication" (67) in the year 1919?

5. In what year was the 15th Amendment ratified, granting black men the right to vote?

Short Essay Questions

1. What role did the black press play in the Great Migration of the early twentieth century?

2. Who was the leader of the second Red Scare and when did it occur?

3. What effect did the words of W.E.B. Du Bois have on black Americans returning from serving in World War I?

4. What was the House Un-American Activities Committee and who created it?

5. Who was the leader of the first Red Scare?

6. What action did the NAACP take against four major white newspapers in 1919 and why?

7. What scene is captured in the photograph Sandler includes as an epigraph to Chapter 4: The Red Scare and what is its significance?

8. How long did the tragic period entitled the Red Summer last?

9. What is the significance of the date January 2, 1920?

10. What does Sandler believe was the primary motivation behind Senator Joseph McCarthy's decision to lead the second Red Scare?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

How is the theme of hypocrisy treated within Sandler’s text and with which of the text’s messages does the theme closely connect?

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay that discusses the symbolism of the cover art chosen for 1919: The Year That Changed America.

Essay Topic 3

Discuss Sandler’s use of the motif of sound within the nonfiction work 1919: The Year That Changed America.

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