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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In how many American cities, in total, were Communist raids carried out on November 9, 1919?
(a) 10.
(b) 6.
(c) 8.
(d) 9.

2. How many white people were arrested during the Elaine Massacre?
(a) 0.
(b) 83.
(c) 11.
(d) 22.

3. Which entity "released its official explanation" (105) of the reason why people had been deported on the ship called the Buford?
(a) The US State Department.
(b) The CIA.
(c) The ACLU.
(d) The FBI.

4. In 1919, which American city "was regarded as the crime capital of the United States" (76)?
(a) Los Angeles.
(b) Detroit.
(c) Chicago.
(d) New York City.

5. Sandler writes, "Communism is based on a system in which" what entity "owns everything and is responsible for distributing resources to every citizen" (96)?
(a) The church.
(b) The government.
(c) The individual.
(d) The king.

Short Answer Questions

1. The NAACP sent letters of warning to how many different newspapers, telling them that they were "sowing the seeds of a race riot by their inflammatory headlines" (74)?

2. According to the prestigious organization called Equal Justice Initiative (EJI) how many black people were killed during the Elaine Massacre?

3. In what month of 1919 was A. Mitchell Palmer appointed to the position of US attorney general?

4. Just under how many years after the first Red Scare in America did the second Red Scare take place?

5. Every black man arrested during the 1919 Elaine Massacre was helped by civil rights groups and all were released by January of what year?

Short Essay Questions

1. What role did the black press play in the Great Migration of the early twentieth century?

2. What effect did the words of W.E.B. Du Bois have on black Americans returning from serving in World War I?

3. What scene is captured in the photograph Sandler includes as an epigraph to Chapter 4: The Red Scare and what is its significance?

4. Who was the leader of the second Red Scare and when did it occur?

5. Who coined the phrase the Red Summer and why?

6. In which three American cities did the three "largest and most devastating riots of all take place" (72) during the period called the Red Summer?

7. What is the significance of the date January 2, 1920?

8. What action did the NAACP take against four major white newspapers in 1919 and why?

9. Who was the leader of the first Red Scare?

10. What was the event referred to as "the Great Migration" (67) and for what reasons did it occur?

(see the answer keys)

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