Objectives and Emphases. Also known as "Tractarianism" because its views were published in ninety religious pamphlets called Tracts for the Times (1833-1841), the Oxford Movement was launched in the early 1830s by Anglican clergymen at Oxford University. The primary objective of the movement was to bring spiritual renewal to the Church of England by reviving certain Roman Catholic doctrines and rituals that Anglicans had dropped during the struggles of the Protestant Reformation. The participants in the movement longed for a return to the ancient days before the universal church had been torn by the stresses of nationalism. Viewing the universal church as a divinely created and ordered society that was intended to transcend politics, geography, and time, these Oxford clergymen wanted the Church of England to be free from state authorities in matters of doctrine and discipline. To achieve "reunion" and to...