Spanish military officers in Morocco rise up against the Republican government of Spain, beginning the Spanish Civil War.

4 Aug.

Greek premier Ioannis Metaxas declares himself dictator, proclaims martial law, and dissolves the parliament.

19 Aug.

Spanish poet Federico Garcia Lorca, a supporter of the Spanish Republic, is killed by Falangists.

19-23 Aug.

In the Soviet Union Grigory Zinovyev, Lev Kamenev, and sixteen others are once again put on trial by Stalinists, found guilty of treason, and executed.

10 Sept.

Joseph Goebbels, German minister of propaganda, accuses Czechoslovakia of harboring Soviet air forces.

26 Sept.

Switzerland devalues the Swiss franc.

27 Sept.

France, Switzerland, and the Netherlands abandon the gold standard.

1 Oct.

Gen. Francisco Franco assumes command of the fascist rebels in Spain.

2 Oct.

France devalues the franc.

4 Oct.

Italy devalues the lira.

12 Oct.

British fascist leader Oswald Mosley leads an anti-Jewish march in London.

19 Oct.

The German government announces the beginning of the...