In 1907 sociologist Edward A. Ross tried to make it clear that old ideas about morals were not adequate for a system of social morality in the industrial age. New sorts of sins were being ignored, and reformers found themselves doing battle with a new kind of criminal:

The immunity enjoyed by the perpetrator of new sins has brought into being a class for which we may coin the term criminaloid. . . . Do we not hail him as " man who does things," make him director of our banks and railroads, trustee of our hospitals and libraries? . . . Not to bribe, but to employ and finance the briber; not to lie, but to admit to your editorial columns "paying matter"; not to commit perjury, but to hire men to homestead and make over to you claims they have sworn were entered in good faith and...