S:  And certainly Allah made good to you His promise when you slew them by His permission, until when you became weak-hearted and disputed about the affair and disobeyed after He had shown you that which you loved; of you were some who desired this world and of you were some who desired the hereafter; then He turned you away from them that He might try you; and He has certainly pardoned you, and Allah is Gracious to the believers.

003.153 Y:  Behold! ye were climbing up the high ground, without even casting a side glance at any one, and the Messenger in your rear was calling you back.  There did Allah give you one distress after another by way of requital, to teach you not to grieve for (the booty) that had escaped you and for (the ill) that had befallen you.  For Allah is well aware of all that ye do.

P:  When ye climbed (the hill) and paid no heed to anyone, while the messenger, in your rear, was calling you (to fight).  Therefor He rewarded you grief for (his) grief, that (He might teach) you not to sorrow either for that which ye missed or for that which befell you.  Allah is Informed of what ye do.

S:  When you ran off precipitately and did not wait for any one, and the Messenger was calling you from your rear, so He gave you another sorrow instead of (your) sorrow, so that you might not grieve at what had escaped you, nor (at) what befell you; and Allah is aware of what you do.

003.154 Y:  After (the excitement) of the distress, He sent down calm on a band of you overcome with slumber, while another band was stirred to anxiety by their own feelings, Moved by wrong suspicions of Allah-suspicions due to ignorance.  They said:  “What affair is this of ours?” Say thou:  “Indeed, this affair is wholly Allah’s.”  They hide in their minds what they dare not reveal to thee.  They say (to themselves):  “If we had had anything to do with this affair, We should not have been in the slaughter here.”  Say:  “Even if you had remained in your homes, those for whom death was decreed would certainly have gone forth to the place of their death”; but (all this was) that Allah might test what is in your breasts and purge what is in your hearts.  For Allah knoweth well the secrets of your hearts.

P:  Then, after grief, He sent down security for you.  As slumber did it overcome a party of you, while (the other) party, who were anxious on their own account, thought wrongly of Allah, the thought of ignorance.  They said:  Have we any part in the cause?  Say (O Muhammad):  The cause belongeth wholly to Allah.  They hide within themselves (a thought) which they reveal not unto thee, saying:  Had we had any part in the cause we should not have been slain here.  Say:  Even though ye had been in your houses, those appointed to be slain would have gone forth to the places where they were to lie. (All this hath been) in order that Allah might try what is in your breasts and prove what is in your hearts.  Allah is Aware of what is hidden in the breasts (of men).