something so abject in this expression; there is such horrible self-abasement in it, that I do hope that every youth, who shall read this, will hold in detestation the reptiles who make use of it.  In all other countries, the lowest individual can put a petition into the hands of the chief magistrate, be he king or emperor:  let us hope, that the time will yet come when Englishmen will be able to do the same.  In the meanwhile I beg you to despise these worse than pagan parasites.

38.  Hitherto I have addressed you chiefly relative to the things to be avoided:  let me now turn to the things which you ought to do.  And, first of all, the husbanding of your time.  The respect that you will receive, the real and sincere respect, will depend entirely on what you are able to do.  If you be rich, you may purchase what is called respect; but it is not worth having.  To obtain respect worth possessing, you must, as I observed before, do more than the common run of men in your state of life; and, to be enabled to do this, you must manage well your time:  and, to manage it well, you must have as much of the day-light and as little of the candle-light as is consistent with the due discharge of your duties.  When people get into the habit of sitting up merely for the purpose of talking, it is no easy matter to break themselves of it:  and if they do not go to bed early, they cannot rise early.  Young people require more sleep than those that are grown up:  there must be the number of hours, and that number cannot well be, on an average, less than eight:  and, if it be more in winter time, it is all the better; for, an hour in bed is better than an hour spent over fire and candle in an idle gossip.  People never should sit talking till they do not know what to talk about.  It is said by the country-people, that one hour’s sleep before midnight is worth more than two are worth after midnight, and this I believe to be a fact; but it is useless to go to bed early and even to rise early, if the time be not well employed after rising.  In general, half the morning is loitered away, the party being in a sort of half-dressed half-naked state; out of bed, indeed, but still in a sort of bedding.  Those who first invented morning-gowns and slippers could have very little else to do.  These things are very suitable to those who have had fortunes gained for them by others; very suitable to those who have nothing to do, and who merely live for the purpose of assisting to consume the produce of the earth; but he who has his bread to earn, or who means to be worthy of respect on account of his labours, has no business with morning gown and slippers.  In short, be your business or calling what it may, dress at once for the day; and learn to do it as quickly as possible.  A looking-glass is a piece of furniture a great deal worse than useless. Looking at