In Barnabas we read, chap. vi.:  “The Lord saith, He maketh a new creation in the last times.  The Lord saith, Behold I make the first as the last.”  Chap. vii.:  Jesus says:  “Those who desire to behold me, and to enter into my kingdom, must, through tribulation and suffering, lay hold upon me.”

In Ignatius we find:  Ep.  Phil., chap, vii.:  “But the Spirit proclaimed, saying these words:  Do ye nothing without the Bishop.”  “There is, however, one quotation, introduced as such, in this same Epistle, the source of which Eusebius did not know, but which Origen refers to ’the Preaching of Peter,’ and Jerome seems to have found in the Nazarene version of the ‘Gospel according to the Hebrews.’  This phrase is attributed to our Lord when he appeared ’to those about Peter and said to them, Handle me, and see that I am not an incorporeal spirit.’  But for the statement of Origen, that these words occurred in the ’Preaching of Peter,’ they might have been referred without much difficulty to Luke xxiv. 39” ("Gospels in the Second Century,” p. 81).  And they most certainly would have been so referred, and dire would have been Christian wrath against those who refused to admit these words as a proof of the canonicity of Luke’s Gospel in the time of Ignatius.

If, turning to Justin Martyr, we take one or two passages resembling other passages to be found in the Canonical, we shall then see the same type of differences as we have already remarked in Clement.  In the fifteenth and sixteenth chapters of the first “Apology” we find a collection of the sayings of Christ, most of which are to be read in the Sermon on the Mount; in giving these Justin mentions no written work from which he quotes.  He says:  “We consider it right, before giving you the promised explanation, to cite a few precepts given by Christ himself” ("Apology,” chap. xiv).  If these had been taken from Gospels written by Apostles, is it conceivable that Justin would not have used their authority to support himself?

MATTHEW.  JUSTIN.

v. 46.  For if ye should love And of our love to all, he them which love you, what reward taught this:  If ye love them have ye? do not even the that love ye, what new things publicans the same? do ye? for even fornicators do
                                      this; but I say unto you:  Pray
v. 44.  But I say unto you, for your enemies, and love them love your enemies, bless them which hate you, and bless them which curse you, do good to which curse you, and offer them which hate you, and pray prayer for them which for them which despitefully use despitefully use you. you and persecute you.

The corresponding passage in Luke is still further from Justin (Luke vi. 32-35).  “It will be observed that here again Justin’s Gospel reverses the order in which the parallel passage is found in our synoptics.  It does so indeed, with a clearness of design which, even without the actual peculiarities of diction and construction, would indicate a special and different source.  The passage varies throughout from our Gospels, but Justin repeats the same phrases in the same order elsewhere” ("Sup.  Rel,” v. i. p. 353, note 2).