Coal operators and miners both contributed to the antiunion spirit in Harlan County. The coal companies viewed unionism as a northern conspiracy to destroy the southern coal industry. They believed that the northern coal operators used the federal government and the United Mine Workers (UMW) to force the southern companies into having standardized wages and hours. Higher wages and periodical strikes, imposed by the UMW, would cause southern companies to lose contracts to northern competitors. Operators used the "North versus South" imagery.....
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