The United Kingdom

The United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Each of these areas has experienced long-term language shift. This shift is generally toward English and away from other regional languages such as Welsh, Gaelic, Cornish, and others. The book often uses the United Kingdom and Britain interchangeably.

Wales

Wales is one of the parts of the United Kingdom. Historically, Wales has been dominated by England and its citizens forced to speak English. In modern times, however, there is a great deal of interest in preserving the Welsh language and promoting Welsh culture.

Ireland

Ireland is controlled by Britain for many centuries until reaching independence in the modern era. Ireland has worked diligently to preserve and restore the Gaelic language in Ireland as a sign of national pride. However, these attempts have proven unsuccessful and the language is quickly disappearing in Ireland.

London

London...