The Yankton Reservation 1876 to 1884: Woniya Kin Tinta Kin Piyawanikiye; Wounspe Tokaheya Summary and Analysis

The Flight of Red Bird: The Life of Zitkala-Sa by Doreen Rappaport centers on Gertrude Bonnin, a half-Indian girl who lived on a reservation with her Indian mother. Gertrude attended white schools and college, thus causing her an identity crisis. Gertrude reinvented herself as Zitkala-Sa and lived in both the white and Indian worlds.

In Woniya Kin Tinta Kin Piyawanikiye (The Breath That Brings Life to the Prairie), Tate Iyohiwin had a daughter on February 22, 1876. Tate's white husband gave the daughter the name Gertrude, but later in life, Gertrude would rename herself Zitkala-Sa, meaning Red Bird. Gertrude was one of Tate's nine children from three marriages with white men. Only five of Tate's nine children survived. Three older sons from the...