Bawer, Bruce, “The Poet in the Gray Flannel Suit,” in Connoisseur, March 1989, pp. 108-112.

Bawer presents a comprehensive overview of Gioia and his work.

Kübler-Ross, Elisabeth, On Death and Dying, Scribners, 1997.

This important study explores ways to cope with the end of life.

McPhillips, Robert, “Reading the New Formalists,” in Sewanee Review, Vol. 97, Winter 1989, pp. 73-96.

McPhillips examines the doctrines of the new formalists, including Gioia.

Turco, Lewis, “Neoformalism in Contemporary American Poetry,” in his The Public Poet: Five Lectures on the Art and Craft of Poetry, Ashland Poetry Press, 1991, pp. 39-56.

Lewis adds to the discussion his interpretations of this new school of literary criticism.