Class

The novel explores the intersection of gender and class through the characters of Artemisia, Judith, Susanna, and their servants. Artemisia is not as well off as Tino. Her house is dishonorable because of how dirty it is, but she is still considered a lady. Tuzia is her family’s servant, but as an older woman, Tuzia has more power than Artemisia. Artemisia is not allowed to go outside on her own, and she does not make any household decisions. Artemisia helps with the housework and cooking, while she is also expected to paint for profit to support her family. In her mind, Tuzia has luxuries that Artemisia does not. However, from Tuzia’s perspective Artemisia is a spoiled and ungrateful girl. When Artemisia realizes that Tuzia has betrayed her by allowing Tino to rape her in exchange for money, Artemisia is horrified: “Tuzia, with whom I...