by James B. Jacobs and Kimberly Potter

About the authors: James B. Jacobs is the director of New York University’s Center for Research in Crime and Justice and a law professor at the NYU School of Law. Kimberly Potter, a former senior research fellow at NYU’s Center for Research in Crime and Justice, is a lawyer in private practice in New York. They are the authors of Hate Crimes: Criminal Law and Identity Politics.

[C]rimes motivated by bigotry usually arise not out of the pathological rantings and ravings of a few deviant types in organized hate groups, but out of the very mainstream of society.

Jack Levin and Jack McDevitt, Hate Crimes: The Rising Tide of Bigotry and Bloodshed

We cannot talk about how much hate crime exists in the United States...