Jack H. Botting and Adrian R. Morrison

In the following viewpoint, Jack H. Botting and Adrian R. Morrison claim that all major advances in medicine were discovered through animal experimentation, and they assert that cures for new diseases will also require tests on animals. Botting and Morrison maintain that there is no basic difference between the physiology of animals and humans, which allows scientists to accurately apply information learned from animal experiments to human patients. Jack H. Botting, a retired university lecturer, is the former scientific adviser at the Research Defense Society in London. Adrian R. Morrison is director of the Laboratory for Study of the Brain in Sleep at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine.

As you read, consider the following questions:

1. According to the authors, what did Louis Pasteur discover from experimenting on animals"
2. How...