Michael T. Ungar

In the following viewpoint, Michael T. Ungar argues that peer pressure is a myth invented by adults to explain youths’ misbehavior. Ungar asserts that contrary to the popular image of powerless teens succumbing to peer pressure, youths intentionally adopt the behavior and appearance of their peers in order to obtain personal and social power. For example, researchers studying at-risk teens found that youths labeled troublemakers may misbehave not because of peer pressure but because they choose to project themselves as “tough” to gain respect. Ungar, a sociologist, conducts research on youths at risk.

As you read, consider the following questions:

1. According to M.L. Pombeni, E. Kirchler, and A. Palmonari, what are some positive peer groups in youths’ lives"
2. In the author’s...