The Food and Drug Act of 1906, which prohibited the interstate trade of misbranded or tainted food, drinks, and drugs, was passed by Congress on the same day as the Meat Inspection Act. At this time there was no Federal Drug Administration, but there was a Bureau of Chemistry. In 1927, a separate enforcement agency known as the Food, Drug and Insecticide Administration was created; in 1930, it was renamed the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In 1938, after five years of battle with Congress, the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was passed. According to the FDA's Web site, it contained the following new provisions:

• Extending control to cosmetics and therapeutic devices.
• Requiring new drugs to be shown safe before marketing—starting a new system of drug regulation.
• Eliminating the Sherley Amendment requirement to prove intent to defraud in drug misbranding cases.
• Providing that safe...