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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why did one write become designated Author J?
(a) he always refers to God as Elohim.
(b) he never refers to Jehovah in his writing.
(c) his first name was Johan.
(d) he always refers to Yahweh in his writing.

2. What observation did Thomas Hobbes make about certain language in the Bible.
(a) the language indicates little change in usage.
(b) the language is unquestionably uniform.
(c) phrases like "to this day" are used to talk about the past.
(d) phrases like "to this day" could only come from God.

3. What does Friedman suggest the combination of the two writers symbolizes?
(a) the destruction of Jerusalem.
(b) the changes in Jewish thinking.
(c) the Babylonian captivity.
(d) the reuniting of the Jewish people.

4. What is the status of Aaron in the narrative of Author E?
(a) it is sinful status.
(b) it is hero status.
(c) it is insignificant status.
(d) it is objectionable status.

5. What is a characteristic of Author J's writings?
(a) he avoids the covenant between Moses and God.
(b) he appears to favor Israel over Judah.
(c) he extolls Moses over Abraham.
(d) he leaves out important elements of the stories.

6. Why do we know so little about the Hebrews prior to 1200 B.C.?
(a) they were a closed society.
(b) no records exist of that earlier time.
(c) no one could write before 1200 B.C.
(d) only recently have scholars examined the literature.

7. What is the traditional belief about the authorship of the first five books of the Bible?
(a) that Noah wrote them.
(b) that Isaiah wrote them.
(c) that Moses wrote them.
(d) that Adam wrote them.

8. Who were among the first to control the politics of the Israelites?
(a) prophets.
(b) judges.
(c) tribunals.
(d) kings.

9. When does the Davidic king, Zedekiah, lose the throne and become a prisoner in Babylon?
(a) 777 B.C.
(b) 587 B.C.
(c) 487 B.C.
(d) 722 B.C.

10. What are the tribes of Israel conquered by the Assyrians in 722 B.C.?
(a) the northern tribes.
(b) the last of the Israelis.
(c) the remnants of Israel.
(d) the ten lost tribes of Israel.

11. What are the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy commonly called by Christians?
(a) the Prophets.
(b) the Torah.
(c) the Pentateuch.
(d) the Ten Commandments.

12. How does J get around the problem of images in the north and south?
(a) J condemns molten images only.
(b) J questions the use of the northern images.
(c) J writes that there are no images.
(d) J says that Yahweh made the southern images.

13. What effect did the first suggestions that more than one writer wrote the Pentateuch have on Christian clergy?
(a) they believed they were answering questions.
(b) they thought it explained a lot about scripture.
(c) they agreed with the new scholarship.
(d) they rejected the idea.

14. What was the political structure for the Israelites?
(a) they consisted of twelve tribes.
(b) they were anarchists.
(c) they had a tribunal.
(d) they lived under a king.

15. What does Friedman say is not his purpose in writing the book?
(a) to disprove the Bible.
(b) to re-write the Bible.
(c) to get more people to read the Bible.
(d) to evaluate the Bible.

Short Answer Questions

1. By the end of the 19th Century what name does the four author idea take on?

2. How long has the Bible been in existence?

3. In what way was Yahweh different from the gods of the people around the Hebrews?

4. Who was the fifth person involved in the four author idea?

5. What religious practice was done by Hezekiah's son and grandson?

(see the answer keys)

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