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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. General Washington believes that only 20% of British forces are on Long Island and are ready for battle. In reality, what is this percentage?

2. The British peg Richard Stockton as a signer of the Declaration of Independence, capture him, and then compel him to do what?

3. What type of concept is the British light infantry?

4. How successful is Thomas Paine in achieving his goal with his second pamphlet?

5. At what location are the Americans just a few miles from where the British settle on the New Jersey side of the Hudson River?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does misinformation cost George Washington the Battle of Long Island in August of 1776?

2. How does the British pacification policy run into problems arising from problems of supply?

3. What does Thomas Paine seek to change with his second pamphlet, entitled "The American Crisis," in November 1776?

4. Why is the war victory celebrated by Bostonians premature when the British leave town and George Washington and his men march through as heroes?

5. "Washington's Crossing" by David Hackett Fischer is the story about what?

6. As the winter of 1776 approaches, what view do the British develop regarding the American Revolution?

7. Why do the British and Hessians come to incur heavy losses as the war progresses?

8. What does General Cornwallis instruct his troops to do in New Jersey?

9. Although the British eventually gain the upper hand at the Battle of Bunker Hill, what is it that so affects General William Howe?

10. Describe the relatively new concept of a light infantry which is brought to New York by the British.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Into what Forage War do the Americans force their enemy? What is the Americans' objective? How effective are the Americans in preventing the British and Hessians from foraging and maintaining their armies? How much damage are the Americans able to inflict on their enemies' efforts to continue the war in the Colonies?

Essay Topic 2

Why does the recruitment of new troops become of great concern to George Washington? How significant is the number of troops reaching their term? What are these men planning to do? What does the army offer those willing to reenlist? In addition to money, what do these men recognize about their remaining in the army?

Essay Topic 3

How does New York come to fall to the British? What impact does poor military intelligence play in the Americans' loss of Long Island? What effect does weather play on the Americans' retreat to Manhattan? Where is the final battle that seals the fall of New York? What contributes to the Americans' loss of New York?

(see the answer keys)

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