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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Under whom does fascism unite society, in Bataille's account?
(a) A leader who represents the lower common denominator of society.
(b) A leader who represents the aristocratic self.
(c) A leader who identifies with the individual everyman.
(d) A leader who identifies with the state.

2. What does Bataille define as a way to humiliate, defy, or obligate a poorer person as a show of destruction of wealth?
(a) Government subsidies.
(b) Welfare.
(c) Potlatch.
(d) Public Assistance.

3. What does Bataille describe as a symptom of cultural crisis?
(a) Technological incompetence.
(b) Bureaucratic regulation.
(c) Administrative impudence.
(d) Outrageous profits.

4. Where did Engels look for examples to test the dialectic method of Marx and Hegel?
(a) Politics.
(b) Religion.
(c) Nature.
(d) Lived experience.

5. What does the cross demand, at the end of "Sacrifices"?
(a) Freedom from struggle.
(b) Struggle with the lower self.
(c) Embrace in struggle.
(d) Struggle with insurmountable obstacles.

6. What does Bataille say man demanded of the earth?
(a) Consolation below the earth.
(b) Productivity on the earth.
(c) Answers.
(d) Necessity above the universe.

7. What does Bataille say is the contradiction in Christians worshiping God?
(a) They hold people to scripture in private life but not in the marketplace.
(b) They keep the poor down while their worship exalts them.
(c) They elevate God's power, but claim it for themselves alone.
(d) They only go to church one day a week, but work the other six in profane employments.

8. What did Bataille and Andre Masson dream about as Bataille was writing "The Labyrinth"?
(a) A dream they were expressing in drawings.
(b) A dream they could not own.
(c) An obscene dream they could never publish.
(d) A dream they were setting to music.

9. What does Bataille say pyramids ensure?
(a) Eternal life.
(b) Glory for the monarchs inside them.
(c) Limitless sky on earth.
(d) The eternally egalitarian nature of death.

10. How did fascists see Nietzsche?
(a) As a traitor.
(b) As a prosecutor.
(c) As a primary ancestor.
(d) As a martyr.

11. Under what conditions can a state be democratic, in Bataille's opinion?
(a) When heterogeneity can be controlled with force.
(b) When heterogeneity happens spontaneously.
(c) When homogeneity can be broken up peacefully.
(d) When homogeneity happens spontaneously.

12. What type of men's 'being' does Bataille compare in "The Labyrinth"?
(a) A worker and a store-keeper.
(b) A man and a woman.
(c) A worker and a sovereign.
(d) An important man and a wanderer.

13. Whom does Bataille say can never touch the reality of earth?
(a) Those who do not understand it.
(b) Capitalists.
(c) Those who exploit the earth for profit.
(d) Fascists.

14. What results from acting in specialized areas, in Bataille's opinion in "The Labyrinth"?
(a) Man conquers the universe in its details.
(b) Man becomes a specialist.
(c) Man is impoverished.
(d) Man loses his innocence.

15. What does the homogeneous part of society purchase?
(a) Workers.
(b) Capital.
(c) Production.
(d) Unions.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does bourgeois society enslave and degrade poor men, in Bataille's opinion?

2. Which of the following is one of the directions recomposition of society can take?

3. What does Baumler call revolution?

4. How do men express their 'being', in "The Labyrinth"?

5. Who is Elisabeth Judas-Forster?

(see the answer keys)

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