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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was one requirement of the blockade plan?
(a) A meeting with the Organization of American States.
(b) All ship that enter the blockade be inspected.
(c) That no ships could pass the blockade.
(d) A promise to withdraw weapons from Berlin.

2. Who intervened with the newspapers to delay the report of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
(a) George Ball.
(b) JFK.
(c) Robert Kennedy.
(d) Ed Martin.

3. What did JFK read aloud at a meeting with a Russian representative?
(a) Khrushchev's statement from September 19th.
(b) His own statement from September 4th.
(c) The Declaration of Independence.
(d) The Bible.

4. How many ships either stopped or turned back before reaching the blockade?
(a) 14.
(b) 4.
(c) 25.
(d) 10.

5. What book had JFK recently read that had to do with miscalculations leading to war?
(a) Night.
(b) The Dangerous Summer.
(c) The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich.
(d) The Guns of August.

6. In the section "Tuesday morning, October 16, 1962 . . .," why were initial reports of missiles in Cuba not passed on to the President?
(a) They were passed on to the President, but were ignored.
(b) They were reports from double agents.
(c) They were lies.
(d) They needed to be rechecked.

7. What does Robert believe often leads to war?
(a) Pride.
(b) Prudence.
(c) Hate.
(d) Greed.

8. When did John F. Kennedy call his brother, Robert, to the White House to discuss the photographs taken over Cuba?
(a) October 20, 1964.
(b) September 4, 1962.
(c) October 15, 1964.
(d) October 16, 1962.

9. What statement did the Russians make public on September 11th?
(a) The missiles already in Cuba would remain there.
(b) Russia made no statement.
(c) They had no intention of putting missiles in Cuba.
(d) They would put missiles in any country they want.

10. Why did JFK change the line of interception for the blockade?
(a) To tighten the line.
(b) For safety.
(c) To buy time.
(d) To show force.

11. What did Adlai Stevenson suggest that offended many members of Ex Comm?
(a) Both a blockade and an air strike.
(b) The nuclear bombardment of Cuba.
(c) The U.S. remove weapons from other countries in exchange for Russian removal of missiles.
(d) JFK should hold a summit before any action is taken.

12. Who told Ambassador Dobrynin about the President's intended speech?
(a) Adlai Stevenson.
(b) Robert Kennedy.
(c) Dean Acheson.
(d) Secretary Rusk.

13. Who presented the United States case to the United Nations?
(a) JFK and Robert Kennedy.
(b) John McCone and Robert McNamara.
(c) Adlai Stevenson and John McCloy.
(d) David Shoup and John LeMay.

14. What was Robert's main argument against a surprise attack?
(a) Ineffectiveness of attack.
(b) Christian morality.
(c) Cowardice of surprise.
(d) America's traditions and history.

15. Who did JFK have a meeting with that was scheduled before the information about Cuba had been found?
(a) Ambassador Dobrynin.
(b) President Fidel Castro.
(c) Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko.
(d) Soviet Chairman Nikita Khrushchev.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Robert sarcastically claim to be the advantage to being wrong in the case of military action?

2. Who does Robert speak to about the President's concern about missiles in Cuba on September 4th?

3. According to Robert in the section, "It was now up to one single man," what did JFK stress in his speech to the nation?

4. Against what strategy was the following argument used: It would be like "closing the door after the horse has left the barn" (28)?

5. Who wrote the note saying, "I now know how Tojo felt when he was planning Pearl Harbor" (24)?

(see the answer keys)

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