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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What happened around 10:30, October 27th, the first day of the blockade?
(a) The Cubans shot down a plane.
(b) The Cubans overran the U.S. embassy.
(c) The Russian ships stopped.
(d) The Russian ships fired upon a U-2.

2. Who presented the argument for a blockade?
(a) Robert Kennedy.
(b) John McCone.
(c) Bob McNamara.
(d) Dean Rusk.

3. What was Robert's main argument against a surprise attack?
(a) Ineffectiveness of attack.
(b) America's traditions and history.
(c) Cowardice of surprise.
(d) Christian morality.

4. When did John F. Kennedy call his brother, Robert, to the White House to discuss the photographs taken over Cuba?
(a) September 4, 1962.
(b) October 15, 1964.
(c) October 20, 1964.
(d) October 16, 1962.

5. Who said, "if the Russians' response makes a military action or invasion inevitable, I want to be able to feel that we will not have to waste any days having to get ready" (47).
(a) Secretary McNamara.
(b) JFK.
(c) General Shoup.
(d) General LeMay.

6. What was one recommendation from the military action plan?
(a) Nuclear bombardment of Cuba.
(b) Permission granted by the UN.
(c) Nuclear bombardment of Russia.
(d) A warning sent to Khrushchev.

7. What is one effect of pressure, according to Robert?
(a) It makes everyone agree.
(b) It brings out unknown characteristics and strengths.
(c) It causes everyone to cry.
(d) It leads to quitting.

8. While Ex Comm was making final decisions regarding their recommendations, JFK was where?
(a) Chicago.
(b) New York.
(c) Russia.
(d) Washington D.C.

9. Who was concerned about how the U.S. would convince the rest of the world that the blockade was necessary and legal?
(a) The Chancellor of West Germany.
(b) The French President.
(c) The leaders in OAS.
(d) The Prime Minister of Canada.

10. Why did JFK change the line of interception for the blockade?
(a) For safety.
(b) To tighten the line.
(c) To show force.
(d) To buy time.

11. When Robert meets with Dobrynin after the blockade is put into effect, what does Dobrynin say the ships will do?
(a) Take military action against boarders.
(b) Turn back to Russia.
(c) Re-route to another country.
(d) Continue as planned.

12. How long before the President's address to the nation did they tell the ambassador of Russia?
(a) One day.
(b) Five minutes.
(c) An hour.
(d) Twelve hours.

13. What was the "legal foundation" (40) for the blockade?
(a) The UN regulations.
(b) The OSHA regulations.
(c) The Cuban Peace Treaty.
(d) The OAS Charter.

14. Who said that Russia only wanted to "give bread to Cuba in order to prevent hunger in that country" (34)?
(a) Castro.
(b) Dobrynin.
(c) Khrushchev.
(d) Gromyko.

15. What does "Ex Comm" stand for?
(a) Executing Communication for the Cold War.
(b) Executing Communists.
(c) Executive Committee of the National Security Council.
(d) Executive Communications with Cuba.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the members of Ex Comm avoid arousing suspicion when visiting the White House at 9:15 at night?

2. Who does Robert speak to about the President's concern about missiles in Cuba on September 4th?

3. Who, due to his role in the government, might have been the leader of Ex Comm if he had been able to attend more meetings?

4. Who does JFK meet with whom Robert claims he "trusted implicitly" (51)?

5. Robert describes the conflict in Cuba as one between two atomic nations. What are the two atomic nations he refers to?

(see the answer keys)

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