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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. On what grounds were people opposed to public schools?
(a) Racist discrimination.
(b) Exclusivity.
(c) Anti-democratic.
(d) Discrimination against females.

2. What did Charles Finney try to do?
(a) Turn women into preachers.
(b) Turn sinners into businessmen.
(c) Turn capitalists into philanthropists.
(d) Turn slaveholders into preachers.

3. Who does Sellers say found New Light theology too radical?
(a) Southern Baptists.
(b) Southern New England Congregationalists.
(c) Unitarians.
(d) Antinomians.

4. What was the result of increasing demands on northern manufacturers, according to Sellers?
(a) Military aggression against Spain in Florida.
(b) Protectionism and subsidization.
(c) Greater pressure to permit slavery to continue.
(d) Lower tariffs and wider international trade.

5. How does Sellers define Waldo Emerson's transcendentalism?
(a) Unitarian sentimentalism.
(b) Antinomian rebelliousness.
(c) Anarchic American atheism.
(d) Uniquely American spirituality.

6. What was the major issue that raised tensions in advance of the 1828 election?
(a) The deficit.
(b) Isolationism.
(c) Tariffs.
(d) Slavery.

7. Who led South Carolina in opposition to Jackson and Martin Van Buren?
(a) John Calhoun.
(b) Sam Houston.
(c) James Monroe.
(d) Henry Clay.

8. What happened that workers began to unionize in the north?
(a) Tariffs lowered the costs of production, driving wages down.
(b) Wages did not rise as fast as capitalists' fortunes.
(c) Working conditions declined.
(d) Immigrants threatened to provide cheaper labor.

9. How did Biddle ultimately make sure the Federal Bank would die, in Sellers's account?
(a) He overplayed his hand.
(b) He mismanaged the monetary supply.
(c) He neglected to consider the cost of the federal debt in debt maintenance.
(d) He played his policies just right.

10. What benefited from the emotional effects of economic stress in 1819?
(a) Republicans.
(b) Radical Democrats.
(c) Antinomians.
(d) Investors.

11. What did Robert Owen advocate?
(a) Communes.
(b) Tribunals.
(c) Unions.
(d) Corporations.

12. What did Congress have to do to the Federal Bank from time to time?
(a) Recharter it.
(b) Audit it.
(c) Regulate it.
(d) Fund it.

13. How did the desire of Northern manufacturers to restrict imports affect Southern planters?
(a) Raised production cotton costs.
(b) Raised the cost of cotton distribution.
(c) Lowered cotton production costs.
(d) Raised the cost of labor for cotton processing.

14. Why did masturbation have to be restricted, according to Sellers?
(a) It debased the market.
(b) It was undemocratic.
(c) It sapped "vital energies."
(d) It created rebelliousness.

15. What was the result of the railroad system, in Sellers's account?
(a) The U.S. became an industrial powerhouse.
(b) Economic equality grew to historic disproportions.
(c) Wealth was concentrated in fewer and fewer hands.
(d) The U.S. saw poverty skyrocket.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did David Ricardo theorize?

2. What condition was the South in by the mid-1820s?

3. What did Jackson think would bring financial stability back?

4. Who followed Andrew Jackson as President?

5. What was NOT a contributing factor to the expansion of literacy in the U.S. in the 1830s?

(see the answer keys)

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