2. The Southerner relies on what to achieve the same goals as the Northerners?
(a) Wealth.
(b) Education.
(c) Power.
(d) Illegal activities.

3. The Northerner believes that wealth is the sure way to do what?
(a) Have problems.
(b) Create enemies.
(c) Insure protection for the family.
(d) Cause stress.

4. Is payment in the form of money?
(a) Not necessarily.
(b) No, never.
(c) Yes, usually.
(d) Yes, always.

5. Italian mothers take on an almost divine role in the family paralleling what?
(a) The role of God to the Israelites.
(b) The role of saint.
(c) The role of Mary the mother of Jesus.
(d) The role of guardian angel.

6. Where do consolation, help, advice, provisions, loans, weapons, allies and accomplices lie?
(a) In the family.
(b) Friends.
(c) The government.
(d) Wealth.

7. What is the Baroque period?
(a) A time of very little artistic creativity.
(b) A time of magnificent artistic creativity beginning in 17th century Italy.
(c) A time of gothic cathedrals and other impressive architecture.
(d) A time of minimalism and streamlined design and architecture.

8. What does the word mafia indicate?
(a) A dangerous and ruthless man.
(b) A state of mind or moral code in the defense of dignity and vengeance prevailing among all Sicilians.
(c) A hard-headed, scary individual.
(d) An intelligent, independent individual.

9. In exchange for protection by the Mafia, what happens to people?
(a) They are often killed.
(b) They become afraid and often go into hiding.
(c) They become indebted financially.
(d) They become indebted to the organization and ultimately must pay.

10. Why are male children especially anticipated and favored?
(a) They can be government officials.
(b) The family cares about strong offspring.
(c) They are more intelligent than females.
(d) The family also demands many male descendants to carry on the name and the heritage.

11. What is one use of the term mafioso?
(a) Ruthless.
(b) Evil.
(c) Strong.
(d) Members of the Mafia.

12. What does the Italian Code of Chivalry teach?
(a) The proper behavior for treating others.
(b) The proper way to defend oneself.
(c) The proper way to defend a woman.
(d) The proper behavior between gentlemen when one is challenged by another.

13. The confusion about the Mafia is almost always perpetuated by whom?
(a) The Italians.
(b) The organization itself.
(c) The Sicilians.
(d) The media.

14. There are visible signs of material advantages in the North, but there is always the danger of what?
(a) Losing that advantage.
(b) Economic collapse.
(c) Spiritual impoverishment and hedonism.
(d) Poverty and insecurity.

15. Why will the situation not improve in the immediate future between the North and South?
(a) The South does not want it to improve.
(b) The North does not want it to improve.
(c) Much of the capital raised in the South goes to the Northern workers.
(d) Much of the capital raised in the North goes to the Southern workers.

Short Answer Questions

1. After serving two more popes, Guicciardini returns to Florence and acts as local henchman for the powerful_________________ family even though he despises them.

2. What do Italians think of free expression?

3. Why do most Italians have no need to read Guicciardini's writing?

4. From where is this man?

5. People in Southern Italy live more intense lives relying on their instincts but run what risk?

(see the answer keys)

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