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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did Operation Gatekeeper change the routes walkers took to cross the border?
(a) Undocumented immigration ceased altogether.
(b) Americans started migrating south to seek work in northern Mexico.
(c) Walkers started traveling through the harsh and less heavily-patrolled desert areas.
(d) Walkers' routes were unchanged.

2. What was the name for the stretch of desert that the walkers found themselves lost in?
(a) The Devil's Highway.
(b) The Gobi.
(c) The Atacama.
(d) The Sahara.

3. Who was Jesus AKA Mendez AKA Rooster Boy?
(a) The third Cercas brother.
(b) A walker.
(c) A rogue Border Patrol agent.
(d) A Coyote.

4. How do guides dress when traveling with walkers?
(a) Stylishly, to imply they are wealthier than they really are.
(b) In cowboy garb, to pose as American citizens.
(c) Poorly, to disguise themselves from Border Patrol.
(d) In black leather and spiked jackets, to intimidate the walkers into submission.

5. What was the nationality of the first group of undocumented immigrants hunted by American Border Patrol in the 1880s?
(a) Chinese.
(b) Jamaican.
(c) Mexican.
(d) Canadian.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was carried by the apparition of a white woman who appeared before the warriors of the O'Odham in 1699?

2. What term is used as a code name for indigenous peoples in the region?

3. When do most border crossings from Mexico take place?

4. Which operatives worked at the bottom of the human smuggling hierarchy?

5. What fate did Quelele, warrior of the Sand Papagos, threaten the Mexican army with?

Short Essay Questions

1. Who were the Yuma 14?

2. Who was the man that Border Patrol agents referred to as "Rooster Boy"?

3. What is Desolation?

4. Why do some guides feed their walkers diet pills?

5. Who is Mike F.?

6. What condition were the bodies of the Yuma 14 in when they were found?

7. What techniques do Border Patrol signcutters use to locate walkers?

8. According to Urrea, what is the most sensible interpretation of the sign "USA Prohibido!" for Spanish-speakers?

9. Who is Ken Smith?

10. According to Urrea, how did Operation Gatekeeper change border crossings?

(see the answer keys)

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